CVE-2022-21421 in Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition
Summary
by MITRE • 04/20/2022
Vulnerability in the Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Analytics Web General). Supported versions that are affected are 5.5.0.0.0, 5.9.0.0.0, 12.2.1.3.0 and 12.2.1.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/25/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-21421 represents a critical security flaw within Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition, specifically within the Analytics Web General component of Oracle Fusion Middleware. This vulnerability affects multiple version streams including 5.5.0.0.0, 5.9.0.0.0, 12.2.1.3.0, and 12.2.1.4.0, indicating a widespread impact across the product's lifecycle. The CVSS 3.1 score of 7.5 places this vulnerability in the high severity category, with particular emphasis on confidentiality impacts that could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive business intelligence data.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from insufficient authentication mechanisms within the web interface of Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition. Attackers can exploit this weakness without requiring any credentials or prior authorization, making the attack surface particularly dangerous. The vulnerability is classified as easily exploitable due to the lack of authentication requirements and the fact that attackers only need network access via HTTP to initiate exploitation. This characteristic aligns with CWE-287, which addresses improper authentication issues in software systems. The attack vector is network-based, meaning that malicious actors can target the vulnerable system from external networks without needing physical access or legitimate credentials.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data access, as successful exploitation can lead to complete compromise of all accessible data within the Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition environment. This includes sensitive business intelligence reports, analytical dashboards, and potentially confidential organizational data that administrators and business users rely upon for decision-making processes. The confidentiality impact rating of high severity indicates that adversaries could gain access to critical business information that could affect competitive positioning, financial reporting, and strategic planning activities. Organizations utilizing these vulnerable versions face significant risk of data breaches and potential intellectual property theft, which could result in regulatory compliance violations and substantial financial losses.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-21421 should prioritize immediate patching of affected systems with Oracle's security updates. Organizations should also implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of vulnerable systems to untrusted networks. The ATT&CK framework's T1190 technique for exploit for execution through web applications aligns with this vulnerability's exploitation method, suggesting that defensive measures should include web application firewalls and network monitoring. Additional protective measures include implementing strict HTTP access controls, disabling unnecessary web services, and conducting regular vulnerability assessments to identify other potential attack vectors. Security teams should also establish monitoring procedures to detect unauthorized access attempts and maintain comprehensive incident response plans to address potential exploitation events. Given the CVSS vector indicating low attack complexity and no user interaction requirements, organizations must treat this vulnerability as an immediate priority for remediation.