CVE-2022-21581 in Banking Trade Finance
Summary
by MITRE • 07/20/2022
Vulnerability in the Oracle Banking Trade Finance product of Oracle Financial Services Applications (component: Infrastructure). The supported version that is affected is 14.5. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Banking Trade Finance. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Banking Trade Finance accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Banking Trade Finance accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Banking Trade Finance. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.9 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/13/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-21581 affects Oracle Banking Trade Finance within the Oracle Financial Services Applications suite, specifically targeting the infrastructure component of version 14.5. This represents a significant security weakness that falls under the Common Weakness Enumeration category of insufficient authorization controls, which maps to CWE-285. The vulnerability exists in the way the system handles authentication and access controls for HTTP-based interactions, creating a pathway for malicious actors to exploit the system's security model.
The technical flaw manifests as a difficulty in exploitation scenario that requires a low-privileged attacker to leverage network access through HTTP protocols to compromise the targeted system. This vulnerability operates at the application layer and demonstrates characteristics of a privilege escalation issue that can result in unauthorized modification of critical data. The CVSS 3.1 scoring of 5.9 indicates a medium severity threat that combines confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts, with the attack vector being network-based, requiring high attack complexity, and necessitating low privileges. The requirement for human interaction suggests that social engineering or user manipulation may be needed to complete the attack successfully.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data compromise to include the potential for unauthorized data manipulation and partial denial of service conditions. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can create, delete, or modify critical data within the Oracle Banking Trade Finance system, while also gaining unauthorized read access to sensitive information. The partial denial of service aspect means that the system's availability may be compromised, affecting business operations and potentially disrupting financial transactions. This vulnerability directly impacts the integrity and confidentiality of financial data, which is particularly concerning given the sensitive nature of banking and trade finance operations.
Organizations should implement multiple layers of defense to mitigate this vulnerability, including network segmentation to limit HTTP access to critical systems, implementing robust authentication controls, and deploying web application firewalls to monitor and filter HTTP traffic. The recommended mitigation strategies align with ATT&CK framework tactics such as T1078 for valid accounts and T1566 for social engineering, emphasizing the need for both technical controls and user awareness training. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify potential exploitation paths, while access controls should be reviewed and strengthened to ensure proper least privilege principles are maintained. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of patch management processes, as this issue was likely addressed through vendor updates that organizations should implement promptly to reduce their attack surface.