CVE-2022-22845 in Homer-App
Summary
by MITRE • 01/10/2022
QXIP SIPCAPTURE homer-app before 1.4.28 for HOMER 7.x has the same 167f0db2-f83e-4baa-9736-d56064a5b415 JWT secret key across different customers' installations.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/13/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-22845 affects QXIP SIPCAPTURE homer-app versions prior to 1.4.28 within the HOMER 7.x framework, representing a critical security flaw related to improper credential management and shared authentication tokens. This issue manifests through the hardcoded reuse of a specific JWT secret key 167f0db2-f83e-4baa-9736-d56064a5b415 across multiple customer installations, fundamentally undermining the security architecture of the system. The vulnerability resides in the application's design where a single, predictable secret key is distributed to numerous deployments, creating a scenario where compromising one installation effectively compromises all others sharing the same key. This flaw directly violates security best practices and industry standards such as CWE-798, which addresses the use of hard-coded credentials, and CWE-312, which covers the exposure of sensitive information through cleartext storage or transmission. The attack surface is significantly expanded as attackers can leverage this shared secret to impersonate legitimate users, gain unauthorized access to sensitive telephony data, and potentially escalate privileges within the system.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from the application's configuration management approach where developers embedded a static JWT secret key directly into the application code rather than generating unique, cryptographically secure keys per deployment. This design decision creates a single point of failure that enables attackers to exploit the shared secret across different customer environments. The impact extends beyond simple unauthorized access as the compromised JWT secret could allow attackers to forge authentication tokens, manipulate user sessions, and potentially gain administrative privileges within the SIP capture and analysis platform. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in multi-tenant environments where multiple organizations share the same infrastructure components, as it provides a mechanism for cross-tenant data breaches and privilege escalation attacks. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability maps to T1566.001 (Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment) and T1548.002 (Abuse of Cloud Infrastructure) as attackers can leverage the compromised secret to establish persistent access and move laterally within the network. The shared nature of the secret key also violates the principle of least privilege and demonstrates a lack of proper key rotation mechanisms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted, affecting both the confidentiality and integrity of telephony data within SIP capture systems. Organizations using affected versions of QXIP SIPCAPTURE homer-app face significant risks including unauthorized access to call records, voice mail, and other telephony metadata that could be used for surveillance, fraud, or competitive intelligence gathering. The vulnerability also enables potential denial of service attacks by allowing unauthorized users to manipulate system configurations or exhaust system resources through forged authentication requests. Security incidents resulting from this vulnerability could lead to regulatory compliance violations under data protection frameworks such as GDPR or HIPAA, depending on the nature of the telephony data being captured. The shared secret compromises the entire security posture of deployments where multiple customers rely on the same platform, creating cascading security failures that can affect entire service providers or infrastructure operators. Organizations may need to implement emergency mitigations including immediate key rotation, network segmentation, and enhanced monitoring of authentication attempts, while also preparing for potential forensic investigations and incident response procedures. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of proper software supply chain security and the need for regular security assessments of third-party components used in critical infrastructure deployments.