CVE-2022-23367 in Fulusso
Summary
by MITRE • 02/14/2022
Fulusso v1.1 was discovered to contain a DOM-based cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in /BindAccount/SuccessTips.js. This vulnerability allows attackers to inject malicious code into a victim user's device via open redirection.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/17/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-23367 resides within the Fulusso v1.1 web application, specifically in the /BindAccount/SuccessTips.js file where a DOM-based cross-site scripting flaw has been detected. This type of vulnerability represents a critical security weakness that enables attackers to execute malicious scripts in the context of a victim's browser session. The flaw operates through a DOM-based XSS vector which means the malicious payload is executed by manipulating the Document Object Model rather than traditional server-side input handling methods. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it leverages an open redirection mechanism to deliver the malicious code, creating a sophisticated attack pathway that can bypass many standard security controls. This vulnerability falls under CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws, and it aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for script injection attacks.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs when the application processes user-supplied input through the success tips functionality without proper sanitization or validation of the DOM elements. When a victim navigates to a maliciously crafted URL that triggers the open redirection, the application's JavaScript code fails to properly escape or validate the input parameters before incorporating them into the DOM structure. This allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code that executes in the victim's browser context with the privileges of the logged-in user. The open redirection component acts as the initial vector, where the attacker crafts a URL that appears legitimate to the user but contains malicious parameters that get processed by the vulnerable JavaScript file. The attack chain typically begins with social engineering to convince the user to click the malicious link, followed by the automatic redirection that loads the vulnerable page where the DOM-based XSS executes.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution as it provides attackers with the ability to perform session hijacking, steal sensitive user data, manipulate application functionality, and potentially escalate privileges within the affected system. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to access user accounts, extract session tokens, capture keystrokes, redirect users to malicious sites, or even install malware on the victim's device. The severity is amplified by the fact that the vulnerability requires minimal user interaction beyond clicking a malicious link, making it particularly dangerous in phishing campaigns or social engineering attacks. The open redirection aspect of the vulnerability means that attackers can craft URLs that appear to come from legitimate sources, increasing the likelihood of successful exploitation. This type of vulnerability can lead to significant data breaches, unauthorized access to sensitive information, and potential compromise of the entire application ecosystem. Organizations may experience reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and financial losses due to successful exploitation of this vulnerability.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-23367 should focus on implementing comprehensive input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application's JavaScript code. The primary defense involves sanitizing all user-supplied input parameters before they are processed or rendered within the DOM structure, particularly in the SuccessTips.js file. Organizations should implement proper content security policies that restrict script execution and prevent unauthorized code injection. The open redirection vulnerability should be addressed by implementing strict validation of redirection URLs to ensure they point only to trusted domains within the application's ecosystem. Additionally, implementing proper HTTP headers such as X-Content-Type-Options and X-Frame-Options can provide additional protection layers. Regular security code reviews and automated vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar issues in other parts of the application. The solution should also include implementing a robust web application firewall that can detect and block malicious patterns associated with DOM-based XSS attacks. Organizations should also consider implementing a security awareness training program to educate users about recognizing and avoiding suspicious links that could exploit this vulnerability. According to industry best practices and ATT&CK framework recommendations, this vulnerability requires immediate remediation through proper input sanitization and output encoding techniques to prevent exploitation.