CVE-2022-2416 in Deploy
Summary
by MITRE • 08/02/2023
In affected versions of Octopus Deploy it is possible for a low privileged guest user to craft a request that allows enumeration/recon of an environment.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/24/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-2416 affects Octopus Deploy versions prior to 2022.2.7155, representing a significant access control weakness that allows low-privileged guest users to perform unauthorized enumeration of deployment environments. This issue stems from insufficient input validation and access control mechanisms within the application's API endpoints that handle environment-related requests. The flaw exists in the application's permission model where guest users can manipulate request parameters to bypass normal access restrictions and discover information about environments they should not have visibility into.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a lack of proper authorization checks when processing environment enumeration requests. When a guest user submits a crafted HTTP request to the Octopus Deploy API, the system fails to validate whether the requesting user has appropriate permissions to access the specific environment data being requested. This weakness falls under CWE-285, which addresses improper authorization within software systems, and specifically relates to the failure to enforce access controls on sensitive data exposure endpoints. The vulnerability enables attackers to systematically enumerate available environments through repeated API calls with modified parameters, potentially uncovering deployment targets, infrastructure configurations, and operational boundaries that should remain confidential.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, as it provides attackers with critical reconnaissance data that could facilitate more sophisticated attacks. An attacker with guest-level privileges can map the entire deployment landscape of an organization, identifying production environments, staging areas, and development systems that may contain sensitive data or be targeted for further exploitation. This enumeration capability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1087.001, which involves account discovery through enumeration of system accounts, and T1590.001, which focuses on reconnaissance through network scanning and enumeration. The vulnerability particularly affects organizations that rely on Octopus Deploy for continuous integration and deployment operations, where the exposure of deployment environments could compromise the security posture of their entire software delivery pipeline.
Organizations should immediately apply the patch released in Octopus Deploy version 2022.2.7155, which addresses the authorization bypass by implementing proper access control checks on all environment enumeration endpoints. The mitigation strategy should include comprehensive testing of API access controls to ensure that no additional similar vulnerabilities exist within the application's permission model. Security teams should also implement network monitoring to detect unusual API access patterns that might indicate enumeration attempts, and consider implementing rate limiting on environment enumeration endpoints to prevent automated discovery attacks. Additionally, organizations should conduct thorough access control reviews to ensure that all users have appropriate least-privilege access levels, and that guest users are properly restricted from accessing sensitive operational information that could aid in targeting more sophisticated attacks. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation and access control implementation, particularly in deployment and DevOps tools that serve as central points of access to organizational infrastructure.