CVE-2022-26212 in A800R
Summary
by MITRE • 03/16/2022
Totolink A830R V5.9c.4729_B20191112, A3100R V4.1.2cu.5050_B20200504, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 were discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the function setDeviceName, via the deviceMac and deviceName parameters. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/18/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-26212 represents a critical command injection flaw affecting multiple Totolink router models including A830R, A3100R, A950RG, A800R, A3000RU, and A810R. This vulnerability resides within the setDeviceName function of the affected firmware versions, specifically targeting the deviceMac and deviceName parameters. The flaw enables remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the affected devices through carefully crafted HTTP requests, potentially compromising the entire network infrastructure. The vulnerability affects firmware versions ranging from V5.9c.4729_B20191112 to V5.9c.5185_B20201128, indicating a widespread issue across multiple product lines and timeframes. This command injection vulnerability directly maps to CWE-77 and CWE-94 within the Common Weakness Enumeration framework, representing a classic path for arbitrary code execution through improper input validation. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this as a command injection technique under T1059, specifically targeting the execution of system commands through vulnerable web interfaces.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input sanitization within the setDeviceName function. When attackers provide malicious payloads through the deviceMac or deviceName parameters, the system fails to properly validate or escape these inputs before incorporating them into system commands. This allows attackers to inject shell commands that are subsequently executed with the privileges of the web server process, typically running with elevated permissions on the device. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication, making it accessible to any attacker who can reach the device's web interface. The injection occurs during the processing of network device configuration requests, where user-supplied values are directly concatenated into command strings without proper sanitization mechanisms. This flaw essentially provides attackers with a backdoor to execute any command that the device's operating system allows, potentially including network reconnaissance, data exfiltration, or further exploitation of the device.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple command execution, as it fundamentally compromises the security posture of network infrastructure. Affected devices become potential entry points for broader network attacks, allowing threat actors to establish persistent access, conduct man-in-the-middle attacks, or use the compromised devices as launch points for attacks against other network segments. The vulnerability affects both the device's management interface and its underlying operating system, potentially enabling attackers to modify network configurations, install malicious firmware, or redirect network traffic. In enterprise environments, these compromised devices could serve as stepping stones for lateral movement, particularly when the devices are not properly segmented from critical network infrastructure. The long-term implications include potential data breaches, service disruption, and the establishment of persistent command and control channels that could remain undetected for extended periods. Organizations with multiple affected devices face the additional challenge of managing and patching numerous vulnerable endpoints simultaneously, creating significant operational overhead and potential service disruption during remediation efforts.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on immediate firmware updates from Totolink, as the vendor has likely released patches addressing this specific command injection flaw. Network segmentation and access control measures can help limit the impact if devices remain unpatched, while monitoring for unusual network traffic patterns or command execution attempts can aid in detecting exploitation attempts. Implementing web application firewalls and input validation controls at network boundaries can provide additional defense layers against exploitation attempts. Security teams should conduct comprehensive inventory audits to identify all affected devices across their networks and prioritize patching based on risk assessment. Regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing should be performed to identify similar flaws in other network infrastructure components. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of secure coding practices and input validation in embedded systems, particularly in network devices that are often deployed with minimal security oversight. Organizations should consider implementing zero-trust network architectures that limit the blast radius of compromised devices and reduce the likelihood of successful exploitation. Additionally, maintaining detailed network monitoring capabilities and incident response procedures specifically tailored for IoT and network device compromises will be crucial in mitigating the broader impact of such vulnerabilities.