CVE-2022-26665 in Odyssey
Summary
by MITRE • 04/18/2022
An Insecure Direct Object Reference issue exists in the Tyler Odyssey platform before 17.1.20. This may allow an external party to access sensitive case records.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/22/2026
The insecure direct object reference vulnerability in Tyler Odyssey platforms represents a critical authorization flaw that enables unauthorized access to sensitive case data. This weakness occurs when the application uses user-supplied input directly to access internal objects such as files, database records, or other resources without proper validation or access control checks. The vulnerability exists specifically in versions prior to 17.1.20, indicating a well-documented security gap that affected a significant portion of the platform's user base.
The technical implementation of this flaw allows attackers to manipulate object references through direct input manipulation, typically by altering URL parameters, form fields, or API calls that reference specific case records. When the system processes these inputs without proper authorization verification, it grants access to data that should be restricted to authorized personnel only. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-284, which specifically addresses improper access control in software applications. The flaw essentially bypasses the intended security boundaries that should protect sensitive case information from unauthorized access.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability creates significant risks for legal and law enforcement organizations that rely on Tyler Odyssey for case management. Attackers could potentially access confidential case files, victim information, witness details, or other sensitive data that should remain protected within the system. The impact extends beyond simple data exposure to include potential violations of privacy regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, or state-specific legal requirements governing sensitive case information. This vulnerability represents a direct threat to organizational security and could result in regulatory penalties, loss of public trust, and operational disruption.
The remediation approach for this vulnerability requires implementing proper input validation and access control mechanisms throughout the platform. Organizations should enforce strict authorization checks before allowing any object reference access, ensuring that users can only access resources they are permitted to view based on their roles and permissions. This involves implementing proper authentication controls, validating user access rights against each requested resource, and using indirect object references where possible rather than direct ones. The fix should align with ATT&CK technique T1078 which addresses valid accounts and privilege escalation through improper access control mechanisms. Regular security testing including penetration testing and code reviews should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in related components and ensure comprehensive protection against unauthorized data access attempts.