CVE-2022-27486 in FortiDDoS
Summary
by MITRE • 08/13/2024
A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') in Fortinet FortiDDoS version 5.5.0 through 5.5.1, 5.4.2 through 5.4.0, 5.3.0 through 5.3.1, 5.2.0, 5.1.0, 5.0.0, 4.7.0, 4.6.0 and 4.5.0 and FortiDDoS-F version 6.3.0 through 6.3.1, 6.2.0 through 6.2.2, 6.1.0 through 6.1.4 allows an authenticated attacker to execute shell code as `root` via `execute` CLI commands.
Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/22/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-27486 represents a critical operating system command injection flaw affecting multiple versions of Fortinet FortiDDoS products. This vulnerability resides in the command execution handling mechanism of the device management interface, specifically within the execute CLI commands functionality that processes user inputs without proper sanitization. The flaw enables authenticated attackers to inject malicious operating system commands through specially crafted input parameters, potentially allowing arbitrary code execution with the highest privileges available on the system.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-77, which describes improper neutralization of special elements used in a command, specifically focusing on operating system command injection. This weakness occurs when application input is directly incorporated into operating system commands without proper validation or escaping mechanisms. Attackers can exploit this by crafting malicious payloads that bypass authentication checks and leverage the legitimate execute CLI functionality to inject and execute arbitrary shell commands. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it allows execution as root user, providing complete system compromise capabilities.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe for organizations relying on FortiDDoS appliances for network security protection. An authenticated attacker with access to the CLI interface can escalate privileges to root level and execute any command available on the system, potentially leading to complete network infrastructure compromise. This includes but is not limited to data exfiltration, system modification, installation of backdoors, or disruption of network services. The vulnerability affects multiple product versions spanning several major releases, indicating a widespread exposure across the FortiDDoS product line.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate implementation of Fortinet's official security patches and firmware updates addressing the command injection flaw. Organizations should also enforce strict access controls and privilege management, limiting CLI access to only authorized personnel with legitimate business needs. Network segmentation and monitoring should be implemented to detect anomalous command execution patterns. Additionally, regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify and remediate similar weaknesses in the broader network infrastructure. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1059.001 for Command and Scripting Interpreter, with potential lateral movement and persistence capabilities once the initial compromise is achieved.