CVE-2022-27488 in FortiVoice
Summary
by MITRE • 12/13/2023
A cross-site request forgery (CSRF) in Fortinet FortiVoiceEnterprise version 6.4.x, 6.0.x, FortiSwitch version 7.0.0 through 7.0.4, 6.4.0 through 6.4.10, 6.2.0 through 6.2.7, 6.0.x, FortiMail version 7.0.0 through 7.0.3, 6.4.0 through 6.4.6, 6.2.x, 6.0.x FortiRecorder version 6.4.0 through 6.4.2, 6.0.x, 2.7.x, 2.6.x, FortiNDR version 1.x.x allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute commands on the CLI via tricking an authenticated administrator to execute malicious GET requests.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/13/2023
This cross-site request forgery vulnerability affects multiple Fortinet products including FortiVoice Enterprise, FortiSwitch, FortiMail, FortiRecorder, and FortiNDR across several version ranges. The flaw enables remote unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands through the command line interface by tricking authenticated administrators into performing malicious GET requests. The vulnerability represents a critical security weakness that undermines the authentication and authorization mechanisms of these network security appliances. The attack vector exploits the lack of proper CSRF protection measures in the web-based management interfaces of these devices, allowing attackers to perform unauthorized administrative actions without requiring valid credentials.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient validation of the origin and authenticity of HTTP requests within the affected Fortinet products. When an authenticated administrator visits a malicious website or clicks on a crafted link, the browser automatically submits GET requests to the vulnerable device's management interface. These requests bypass normal authentication checks because the system does not properly verify that the requests originate from legitimate administrative sessions. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it leverages the trust relationship between the web interface and the device, allowing attackers to execute commands with administrative privileges. This type of flaw falls under CWE-352, which specifically addresses Cross-Site Request Forgery vulnerabilities in web applications and systems.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and far-reaching across enterprise network security infrastructure. An attacker who successfully exploits this CSRF flaw can gain complete administrative control over the affected devices, enabling them to modify configurations, access sensitive data, disable security features, or even compromise the entire network segment controlled by these appliances. The ability to execute commands through the CLI interface means attackers can perform operations such as adding new users, modifying firewall rules, accessing email servers, or manipulating network traffic. This vulnerability is particularly concerning in enterprise environments where these devices often serve as critical network security components, potentially allowing attackers to establish persistent access or conduct lateral movement within the network. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the attack means that even organizations with strong internal security measures can be compromised if administrators visit malicious websites or click on compromised links.
Organizations should immediately implement multiple layers of defense to protect against this CSRF vulnerability. The primary mitigation strategy involves applying the latest security patches and firmware updates provided by Fortinet to address the identified CSRF flaws in affected versions. Network administrators should also implement additional security controls such as enabling CSRF tokens in web interfaces, implementing proper session management, and restricting administrative access to trusted networks only. Organizations should conduct comprehensive vulnerability assessments to identify all affected devices across their infrastructure and establish monitoring procedures to detect potential exploitation attempts. The use of web application firewalls and network segmentation can provide additional protection layers, while regular security awareness training for administrators can help prevent social engineering attacks that might leverage this vulnerability. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078 which covers valid accounts and privilege escalation through the exploitation of authentication weaknesses in network infrastructure devices.