CVE-2022-27573 in libsimba
Summary
by MITRE • 04/12/2022
Improper input validation vulnerability in parser_infe and sheifd_find_itemIndexin fuctions of libsimba library prior to SMR Apr-2022 Release 1 allows out of bounds write by privileged attackers.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/14/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-27573 represents a critical security flaw within the libsimba library affecting versions prior to the SMR April 2022 Release 1. This issue manifests as an improper input validation vulnerability specifically within two functions: parser_infe and sheifd_find_itemIndexin. The flaw enables privileged attackers to execute out-of-bounds write operations, which constitutes a severe memory corruption vulnerability that can lead to system compromise. The affected library components are commonly used in embedded systems and automotive applications where input parsing and data processing are critical functions. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that it requires only privileged access, making it particularly dangerous in environments where such privileges are granted to processes or users with elevated system access.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms within the parser_infe and sheifd_find_itemIndexin functions. These functions fail to properly validate array indices or buffer boundaries when processing incoming data structures, allowing attackers to manipulate input parameters to exceed allocated memory boundaries. When the functions attempt to write data beyond the intended memory allocation, they perform out-of-bounds writes that can overwrite adjacent memory locations, potentially corrupting critical data structures, function pointers, or control flow information. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-129 category of Improper Validation of Array Index, which is classified as a common weakness in software development practices. The flaw demonstrates poor defensive programming techniques where input parameters are not adequately sanitized before being used as array indices or loop counters.
The operational impact of CVE-2022-27573 extends beyond simple memory corruption, as it provides attackers with potential paths to execute arbitrary code or cause system instability. Privileged attackers who can influence the input to these functions can leverage the out-of-bounds write capability to overwrite critical system data or even redirect program execution flow through function pointer manipulation. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter, where attackers might exploit such memory corruption to inject malicious code into the target system. The vulnerability's exploitation potential is particularly concerning in automotive contexts where the libsimba library is used for sensor data processing and vehicle control systems, as it could potentially lead to unauthorized vehicle control or data manipulation. The out-of-bounds write vulnerability creates a pathway for attackers to escalate privileges or cause denial of service conditions that could have serious safety implications in automotive environments.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-27573 primarily involve updating to the patched version of the libsimba library released in the SMR April 2022 Release 1, which addresses the input validation deficiencies in both affected functions. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation measures that include bounds checking, array index validation, and proper parameter sanitization before any data is processed by these functions. The vulnerability highlights the importance of following secure coding practices such as those outlined in the CERT Secure Coding Standards, specifically focusing on preventing buffer overflows and array index errors. Additional defensive measures include implementing memory protection mechanisms such as stack canaries, address space layout randomization, and code integrity checks to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. System administrators should also conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify any other instances of similar input validation flaws within their software ecosystem and ensure proper access controls are in place to limit the potential impact of privileged account compromise.