CVE-2022-28077 in Home Owners Collection Management
Summary
by MITRE • 05/11/2022
Home Owners Collection Management v1 was discovered to contain a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Admin panel via the $_GET['s'] parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/14/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-28077 represents a critical security flaw in the Home Owners Collection Management v1 software, specifically affecting its administrative interface. This issue manifests as a reflected cross-site scripting vulnerability that exploits the $_GET['s'] parameter within the admin panel, creating a pathway for malicious actors to inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of authenticated admin sessions. The vulnerability resides in the software's improper handling of user-supplied input, where the application directly incorporates GET parameters into web responses without adequate sanitization or encoding mechanisms.
The technical exploitation of this XSS vulnerability occurs when an attacker crafts a malicious URL containing crafted JavaScript payload within the 's' parameter and delivers it to an administrator through social engineering or phishing techniques. When the administrator clicks the malicious link, the payload executes in their browser within the context of the admin session, potentially allowing attackers to hijack the session, steal administrative credentials, or perform unauthorized actions on behalf of the administrator. This vulnerability falls under CWE-79 which specifically addresses Cross-Site Scripting flaws, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566.001 for initial access through spearphishing attachments or links. The reflected nature of the vulnerability means that the malicious script is reflected off the web server rather than being stored, making it particularly challenging to detect and prevent through traditional security measures.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft or session hijacking, as it provides attackers with elevated privileges within the application's administrative interface. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability could modify collection data, alter user permissions, access sensitive homeowner information, or even inject malicious code that persists across multiple sessions. The administrative access granted through this vulnerability could lead to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, and potential lateral movement within the network if the application shares resources or databases with other systems. Organizations using this software face significant risk of unauthorized access to personal homeowner data, which could result in regulatory violations under data protection laws such as GDPR or CCPA, along with potential financial and reputational damage.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-28077 should prioritize immediate patching of the affected software version to address the root cause of the XSS vulnerability. Organizations should implement proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms to sanitize all user-supplied parameters before incorporating them into web responses. The application should employ Content Security Policy headers to prevent execution of unauthorized scripts and implement proper session management controls to detect and prevent session hijacking attempts. Additionally, security monitoring should be enhanced to detect suspicious user behavior patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Network segmentation and least privilege access controls should be enforced to limit the potential damage if an attacker does gain administrative access. Regular security assessments and code reviews should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other components of the application, while user education programs should be implemented to reduce the success rate of social engineering attacks that could exploit this vulnerability. The remediation process should also include thorough testing to ensure that the applied fixes do not introduce new functionality issues while maintaining the application's intended operational capabilities.