CVE-2022-28133 in Bitbucket Server Integration Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 03/29/2022
Jenkins Bitbucket Server Integration Plugin 3.1.0 and earlier does not limit URL schemes for callback URLs on OAuth consumers, resulting in a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exploitable by attackers able to create BitBucket Server consumers.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/31/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-28133 affects the Jenkins Bitbucket Server Integration Plugin version 3.1.0 and earlier, presenting a critical security flaw that enables stored cross-site scripting attacks through improper URL scheme validation. This issue specifically targets the plugin's handling of callback URLs within OAuth consumer configurations, creating a pathway for malicious actors to inject persistent XSS payloads that can compromise user sessions and execute unauthorized actions within the Jenkins environment.
The technical flaw resides in the plugin's insufficient validation of URL schemes used in callback URLs for Bitbucket Server OAuth consumers. When administrators configure OAuth consumers within Jenkins to integrate with Bitbucket Server, the plugin fails to enforce strict validation of the URL schemes, allowing attackers to register callback URLs with potentially dangerous schemes such as javascript: or data: protocols. This oversight enables the storage of malicious URLs that can be executed when users interact with the Jenkins interface, particularly during authentication flows or when viewing consumer configurations.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant as it allows attackers with the ability to create Bitbucket Server consumers to establish persistent XSS payloads that can execute in the context of any user who accesses affected Jenkins pages. The stored nature of the vulnerability means that once a malicious callback URL is registered, it remains active until manually removed, potentially affecting all users who interact with the Jenkins instance. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability to steal session cookies, perform unauthorized administrative actions, or redirect users to malicious sites that appear legitimate within the Jenkins interface, thereby undermining the security posture of the entire continuous integration and deployment pipeline.
This vulnerability maps to CWE-79: Cross-site Scripting and CWE-20: Improper Input Validation, highlighting the dual nature of the flaw where inadequate input sanitization allows malicious content to be stored and subsequently executed. From an ATT&CK perspective, this represents a technique for code injection and credential access through the use of web application vulnerabilities, potentially enabling adversaries to escalate privileges and maintain persistence within the Jenkins environment. Organizations using Jenkins with Bitbucket Server integration should immediately update to version 3.1.1 or later, which implements proper URL scheme validation for callback URLs, and conduct thorough security assessments of existing consumer configurations to identify and remove any potentially malicious entries. Additionally, implementing proper access controls and monitoring for unauthorized consumer creation activities can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts.