CVE-2022-28148 in Continuous Integration with Toad Edge Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 03/29/2022
The file browser in Jenkins Continuous Integration with Toad Edge Plugin 2.3 and earlier may interpret some paths to files as absolute on Windows, resulting in a path traversal vulnerability allowing attackers with Item/Read permission to obtain the contents of arbitrary files on Windows controllers.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/01/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-28148 resides within the file browser functionality of Jenkins Continuous Integration platform when utilizing the Toad Edge Plugin version 2.3 or earlier. This issue represents a critical path traversal vulnerability that specifically affects Windows-based Jenkins controllers. The flaw stems from improper handling of file paths within the plugin's file browser component, where certain file path interpretations are incorrectly treated as absolute paths on Windows systems. This misinterpretation creates an exploitable condition that allows authenticated attackers with minimal privileges to access files beyond their intended scope.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the plugin's failure to properly sanitize or validate file paths before processing them within the Windows file system context. When the file browser encounters specific path patterns, it erroneously treats them as absolute paths rather than relative references, enabling attackers to navigate outside the intended directory boundaries. This behavior creates a directory traversal condition that can be exploited to read arbitrary files on the Windows controller. The vulnerability specifically impacts Windows environments due to differences in path handling between Windows and Unix-like systems, where the plugin's path resolution logic fails to properly account for Windows-specific path conventions and security boundaries.
Attackers with Item/Read permission can leverage this vulnerability to access sensitive files that should normally be restricted from view. The operational impact extends beyond simple information disclosure, as the affected files may contain configuration data, credentials, or other sensitive information that could be used for further exploitation. The vulnerability represents a direct violation of the principle of least privilege, where the security boundaries established by Jenkins are bypassed through this path traversal mechanism. This allows attackers to potentially access system files, application configuration files, or other sensitive data that resides outside the normal scope of file access permissions.
The vulnerability aligns with CWE-22 Path Traversal and follows patterns commonly associated with directory traversal attacks in web applications and integrated development environments. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1083 File and Directory Discovery and T1566 Phishing, as it enables attackers to discover and access sensitive files that could contain information useful for further attacks. The exploitation requires minimal privileges but can result in significant information disclosure. Organizations using Jenkins with the Toad Edge Plugin should immediately update to versions that address this vulnerability, as the risk of exploitation increases with the presence of unpatched systems within the network. The patch should include proper path validation and sanitization mechanisms that ensure all file paths are properly resolved within the intended directory boundaries, preventing the traversal behavior that enables this attack vector.