CVE-2022-28580 in A7100RU
Summary
by MITRE • 05/05/2022
It is found that there is a command injection vulnerability in the setL2tpServerCfg interface in TOTOlink A7100RU (v7.4cu.2313_b20191024) router, which allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands through a carefully constructed payload.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/08/2022
The vulnerability CVE-2022-28580 represents a critical command injection flaw in the TOTOlink A7100RU router firmware version v7.4cu.2313_b20191024, specifically within the setL2tpServerCfg interface. This interface is designed to configure L2TP server settings for the router's networking capabilities, but it fails to properly sanitize user inputs, creating a pathway for malicious command execution. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and filtering mechanisms that allow attackers to inject malicious commands directly into the router's command processing pipeline.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the setL2tpServerCfg interface where user-supplied parameters are directly incorporated into system commands without proper sanitization. When an attacker crafts a malicious payload containing command injection sequences such as semicolons, ampersands, or other shell metacharacters, these inputs bypass the router's security controls and get executed with the privileges of the web server process. This allows attackers to execute arbitrary system commands on the affected device, potentially gaining full administrative control over the router's functionality. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-77 which specifically addresses command injection flaws in software systems.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe as it provides attackers with complete control over the affected router. Once exploited, attackers can modify network configurations, redirect traffic, establish backdoors, or use the router as a pivot point for further attacks within the local network. The vulnerability affects the router's authentication mechanisms and exposes sensitive network infrastructure to unauthorized access, potentially compromising the entire network security posture. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to perform man-in-the-middle attacks, DNS poisoning, or other malicious activities that rely on controlling network infrastructure devices.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-28580 should focus on immediate firmware updates from TOTOlink to address the command injection vulnerability. Network administrators should also implement network segmentation and access controls to limit the potential impact of exploitation. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of input validation and proper sanitization of user inputs in network device interfaces, aligning with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter. Organizations should also consider implementing network monitoring solutions to detect unusual command execution patterns and maintain regular security assessments of network infrastructure devices. Additionally, disabling unnecessary services and interfaces, implementing strong access controls, and conducting regular security audits can help reduce the attack surface and prevent exploitation of similar vulnerabilities in the future.