CVE-2022-28971 in AX1806
Summary
by MITRE • 05/06/2022
Tenda AX1806 v1.0.0.1 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the list parameter in the function fromSetIpMacBind. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/11/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-28971 affects the Tenda AX1806 router firmware version 1.0.0.1 and represents a critical stack overflow condition within the device's web interface handling mechanism. This flaw exists within the function named fromSetIpMacBind which processes network configuration parameters through the list parameter. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and bounds checking in the firmware's handling of user-supplied data, creating an exploitable condition where maliciously crafted input can overwrite adjacent memory locations on the stack. Such stack corruption typically occurs when the application fails to properly validate the length or content of incoming data before processing it, allowing an attacker to manipulate the program execution flow through buffer overflows.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability manifests through the improper handling of network binding parameters within the router's administrative interface. When the fromSetIpMacBind function processes the list parameter, it appears to lack sufficient boundary checks to prevent excessive data from being copied into fixed-size stack buffers. This condition creates a classic stack-based buffer overflow scenario where attacker-controlled data can overwrite return addresses, function pointers, or other critical stack variables. The vulnerability specifically impacts the device's ability to maintain stable operation during parameter processing, resulting in immediate system instability and subsequent denial of service conditions. According to CWE classification, this represents a CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow, which is a well-documented weakness in software systems where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple service disruption to potentially enabling more sophisticated attack vectors. While the immediate effect is a denial of service that renders the router inaccessible to legitimate users, the underlying memory corruption could theoretically be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution if proper exploitation techniques are applied. The router's web administration interface becomes the attack surface where malicious actors can inject specially crafted payloads through the list parameter to trigger the overflow condition. This vulnerability affects network availability and can be exploited by remote attackers without requiring authentication, making it particularly concerning for enterprise and residential network environments where router stability is critical. The attack can be executed through simple HTTP requests containing malformed parameters, making it accessible to attackers with minimal technical expertise.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-28971 should prioritize firmware updates from Tenda to address the root cause through proper input validation and buffer management. Network administrators should implement immediate network segmentation to isolate affected devices and monitor for suspicious traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1210: Exploitation of Remote Services, as it involves exploiting a service running on the device to achieve system compromise. Organizations should also consider implementing intrusion detection systems that can identify malformed requests targeting the specific vulnerable endpoint within the router's web interface. Regular security assessments of network infrastructure should include verification of firmware versions and patch management processes to prevent similar vulnerabilities from persisting in the network environment. The affected Tenda AX1806 devices should be taken offline immediately until confirmed patches are deployed and validated through proper testing procedures.