CVE-2022-28975 in NIOS
Summary
by MITRE • 01/09/2024
A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Infoblox NIOS v8.5.2-409296 allows attackers to execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML via a crafted payload injected into the VLAN View Name field.
VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/18/2025
The stored cross-site scripting vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-28975 affects Infoblox NIOS version 8.5.2-409296 and represents a critical security flaw in the network infrastructure management platform. This vulnerability specifically targets the VLAN View Name field within the system's user interface, creating a persistent XSS attack vector that can be exploited by malicious actors to inject and execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML code. The flaw enables attackers to manipulate the application's input handling mechanisms, allowing them to store malicious payloads that persist within the system's data storage and are subsequently executed when other users view the affected VLAN view information.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding within the Infoblox NIOS web interface components. When administrators or users enter data into the VLAN View Name field, the system fails to properly sanitize or escape special characters that could be interpreted as HTML or JavaScript code. This lack of proper sanitization creates an environment where attackers can inject malicious payloads that are stored within the application's database and executed in the context of other users' browsers when they access the affected VLAN view information. The vulnerability operates as a stored XSS attack because the malicious code is permanently stored within the application's backend systems rather than being executed through a single request.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it can enable attackers to perform a wide range of malicious activities including session hijacking, credential theft, and data exfiltration from the compromised network infrastructure management system. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability could potentially escalate privileges within the NIOS environment, access sensitive network configuration data, or even redirect users to malicious websites that could further compromise their systems. The attack vector is particularly concerning because it targets administrative interfaces that are frequently accessed by authorized personnel, making the attack surface significantly larger than typical web application vulnerabilities.
Security professionals should note that this vulnerability aligns with CWE-79, which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws in software applications. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this type of vulnerability under the T1059.007 technique, which involves the execution of scripts through web browsers in the context of a web application. Organizations utilizing Infoblox NIOS systems should implement immediate mitigations including input validation measures, output encoding enhancements, and comprehensive security testing of all user input fields. Additionally, network segmentation and monitoring controls should be enhanced to detect potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of secure coding practices and input sanitization in enterprise network management systems, particularly those handling sensitive infrastructure configuration data. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls and regular security assessments to prevent similar vulnerabilities from being exploited in other components of their network infrastructure management platforms.