CVE-2022-30356 in OvalEdge
Summary
by MITRE • 10/25/2024
OvalEdge 5.2.8.0 and earlier is affected by a Privilege Escalation vulnerability via a POST request to /user/assignuserrole via the userid and role parameters . Authentication is required with OE_ADMIN role privilege.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/01/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-30356 represents a critical privilege escalation flaw within OvalEdge versions 5.2.8.0 and earlier. This security weakness manifests through a specifically crafted POST request directed at the /user/assignuserrole endpoint, where attackers can manipulate the userid and role parameters to elevate their privileges. The vulnerability requires prior authentication with an OE_ADMIN role, indicating that attackers must first compromise an administrative account or obtain valid administrative credentials before exploiting this weakness. This prerequisite authentication requirement does not diminish the severity of the vulnerability, as administrative access provides extensive control over the system's user management and access control mechanisms. The flaw fundamentally undermines the principle of least privilege by allowing unauthorized privilege elevation through parameter manipulation.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and authorization checks within the OvalEdge user management system. When the system processes the POST request to /user/assignuserrole, it fails to properly validate the relationship between the authenticated user's privileges and the target user's role assignment. This lack of proper authorization verification creates a path for privilege escalation where an attacker with OE_ADMIN credentials can assign arbitrary roles to any user account within the system. The vulnerability operates under CWE-284, which specifically addresses improper access control, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078.004 for Valid Accounts and T1484.001 for Domain Policy Modification, as the attacker can effectively modify user access rights and potentially gain elevated privileges across the system. The system's failure to validate that the requesting administrator has appropriate authority to assign the requested role to the target user creates this exploitable condition.
The operational impact of CVE-2022-30356 extends far beyond simple privilege escalation, as it fundamentally compromises the integrity of the entire user access control framework. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can potentially elevate their privileges to the highest administrative levels, gain access to sensitive system data, and manipulate user permissions across the entire OvalEdge deployment. This weakness could enable attackers to create new administrative accounts, modify existing user roles, or disable security controls, effectively providing them with complete control over the affected system. The implications are particularly severe given that OvalEdge is typically deployed in environments requiring robust security controls, making this vulnerability a significant threat to organizational security postures. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that it can be exploited through a simple HTTP POST request, making it easily accessible to attackers with minimal technical expertise. Organizations relying on OvalEdge for security management could face complete system compromise if this vulnerability is exploited.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-30356 must focus on immediate remediation through the application of vendor patches and updates to OvalEdge versions that address the privilege escalation vulnerability. System administrators should implement comprehensive monitoring of user role assignment activities to detect anomalous privilege changes that could indicate exploitation attempts. The principle of least privilege should be strictly enforced, ensuring that administrative accounts are granted only the minimum permissions necessary for their operational functions. Network segmentation and access control measures should be strengthened to limit the blast radius of potential exploitation. Organizations should conduct thorough security assessments of their OvalEdge deployments to identify and remediate similar authorization flaws. Additionally, implementing multi-factor authentication for administrative accounts and regular security audits of user access controls can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability highlights the importance of proper input validation and authorization checks in web applications, particularly in security-critical systems where user privilege management is paramount. Organizations should also consider implementing automated security testing that includes privilege escalation scenarios to identify similar weaknesses before they can be exploited by malicious actors.