CVE-2022-32405 in Prison Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 06/24/2022
Prison Management System v1.0 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the 'id' parameter at /pms/admin/prisons/view_prison.php:4
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/14/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-32405 affects the Prison Management System version 1.0, specifically targeting the administrative interface component responsible for viewing prison information. This system likely manages critical infrastructure data for correctional facilities, making it a potentially high-value target for malicious actors seeking unauthorized access to sensitive information. The vulnerability manifests through improper input validation within the web application's parameter handling mechanism, creating an avenue for attackers to manipulate database queries through crafted input values.
The technical flaw resides in the lack of proper sanitization or parameterization of the 'id' parameter used in the SQL query execution at the file path /pms/admin/prisons/view_prison.php:4. When an attacker submits a malicious value through this parameter, the application directly incorporates it into the SQL statement without adequate validation or escaping mechanisms. This primitive approach to database interaction violates fundamental security principles and creates a classic SQL injection vulnerability that can be exploited to manipulate the underlying database structure. The vulnerability maps directly to CWE-89 which defines SQL injection as the insertion of malicious SQL code into input fields, allowing unauthorized access to database contents and potentially full system compromise.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as it enables attackers to perform unauthorized database operations including data retrieval, modification, or deletion. An attacker could extract sensitive prisoner information, administrative credentials, or other confidential data stored within the system's database. Additionally, the vulnerability could facilitate privilege escalation attacks where malicious actors might gain elevated access rights within the system, potentially compromising the entire prison management infrastructure. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that this vulnerability exists within the administrative section of the application, suggesting that successful exploitation could provide access to critical system functions and data.
Security mitigation strategies should prioritize immediate implementation of parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks. The application code must be reviewed to ensure all user inputs are properly sanitized and validated before being incorporated into database queries. Input validation should include strict type checking, length restrictions, and character set validation to prevent malicious payloads from being processed. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit exposure of the vulnerable component, while regular security assessments should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities within the application stack. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability would be classified under T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application, and T1071.005 - Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols, emphasizing the need for both perimeter defense and application-level security controls. Organizations should also implement web application firewalls and database activity monitoring to detect and prevent exploitation attempts, while maintaining up-to-date security patches and conducting regular vulnerability assessments to address similar weaknesses in the system architecture.