CVE-2022-33119 in Network Video Recorder NVRsolo
Summary
by MITRE • 06/21/2022
NUUO Network Video Recorder NVRsolo v03.06.02 was discovered to contain a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via login.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/21/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-33119 affects NUUO Network Video Recorder NVRsolo devices running firmware version 03.06.02 and potentially other affected versions. This issue represents a critical security flaw that compromises the integrity of the device's web interface and user authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability exists within the login.php script which processes user input without proper sanitization, creating an avenue for malicious actors to inject harmful scripts into the application's response. The affected device operates as a network video recorder that manages security camera feeds and user access control, making it a prime target for attackers seeking unauthorized system access. This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous in security infrastructure devices as it can provide attackers with direct access to surveillance systems and potentially enable further lateral movement within network environments.
The technical exploitation of this reflected cross-site scripting vulnerability occurs when an attacker crafts a malicious URL containing script code that gets executed in the victim's browser upon visiting the page. The login.php endpoint fails to properly validate or sanitize user-supplied parameters, allowing attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code that gets reflected back to the user's browser. This reflected nature means the malicious payload is not stored on the server but rather injected through user interaction with a specially crafted link. The vulnerability specifically affects the authentication interface of the NVR device, which means that successful exploitation could allow attackers to hijack user sessions, steal authentication credentials, or perform actions as authenticated users. The attack vector typically involves social engineering to convince users to click malicious links that contain the XSS payload, making this vulnerability particularly challenging to defend against from a user awareness perspective.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script injection, as it provides attackers with significant control over the security surveillance infrastructure. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability could gain unauthorized access to live video feeds, modify system configurations, add or remove user accounts, and potentially disable security monitoring functions. The compromised device could serve as a foothold for broader network attacks, especially in environments where the NVR device is integrated with other security systems or corporate networks. This vulnerability directly impacts the CIA triad by compromising confidentiality through unauthorized data access, integrity through potential configuration changes, and availability through possible service disruption. The attack surfaces for this vulnerability align with multiple tactics in the ATT&CK framework, particularly those related to initial access through malicious links and privilege escalation through session hijacking. The affected device's role in network security makes this vulnerability particularly concerning as it could enable attackers to avoid detection while monitoring network activity.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate firmware updates from NUUO to address the reflected XSS issue in the login.php script. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to NVR devices and restrict administrative privileges to only necessary personnel. Web application firewalls and input validation controls should be deployed to filter malicious payloads before they reach the vulnerable application. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other networked devices. The vulnerability's classification under CWE-79 indicates it follows the standard pattern of cross-site scripting flaws where untrusted data is directly included in web pages without proper validation or encoding. Security teams should also establish incident response procedures specifically addressing compromised surveillance infrastructure and consider implementing additional authentication mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication to reduce the impact of credential compromise. Regular monitoring of network traffic for suspicious patterns and user behavior analytics can help detect potential exploitation attempts. The affected firmware version demonstrates the importance of maintaining up-to-date security patches and implementing proper vulnerability management processes to prevent exploitation of known security flaws.