CVE-2022-3784 in Bento4
Summary
by MITRE • 11/01/2022
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Axiomatic Bento4 5e7bb34. Affected by this vulnerability is the function AP4_Mp4AudioDsiParser::ReadBits of the file Ap4Mp4AudioInfo.cpp of the component mp4hls. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212563.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/30/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-3784 represents a critical heap-based buffer overflow within Axiomatic Bento4 version 5e7bb34, specifically affecting the AP4_Mp4AudioDsiParser::ReadBits function in the Ap4Mp4AudioInfo.cpp file. This flaw resides within the mp4hls component, which processes multimedia content and is widely used for handling mp4 audio information. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation during the parsing of audio data streams, creating a scenario where maliciously crafted input can cause memory corruption beyond allocated buffer boundaries. The heap-based nature of this overflow indicates that the vulnerability affects dynamically allocated memory regions, potentially allowing attackers to overwrite adjacent memory structures and execute arbitrary code.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through remote attack vectors, as demonstrated by the publicly disclosed exploit available under VDB-212563. Attackers can trigger the buffer overflow by sending specially crafted audio data to systems processing mp4 files through the affected Bento4 library. The overflow typically manifests when the ReadBits function attempts to read more bits from a data stream than the allocated buffer space permits, leading to memory corruption that can be leveraged for code execution. This vulnerability directly maps to CWE-121, heap-based buffer overflow, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203, Exploitation for Client Execution, when targeting systems that process multimedia content.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends across various systems that utilize the Bento4 library for media processing, including content delivery networks, streaming platforms, and multimedia applications. Systems processing mp4 audio streams become particularly vulnerable when they lack proper input sanitization or when they automatically process untrusted media files. The remote exploit capability means that attackers can compromise systems without requiring physical access or local privileges, making this vulnerability especially dangerous in enterprise environments where multimedia processing is common. Organizations using affected versions of Bento4 face potential unauthorized code execution, data breaches, and system compromise, with the vulnerability potentially enabling full system takeover.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-3784 primarily focus on immediate remediation through software updates to the latest version of Axiomatic Bento4 that addresses this heap overflow vulnerability. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation measures to sanitize all audio data streams before processing, particularly when handling untrusted content from external sources. Network segmentation and access controls should be strengthened to limit exposure of systems that process multimedia files, while intrusion detection systems should be configured to monitor for suspicious network traffic patterns associated with exploitation attempts. Additionally, application-level sandboxing and memory protection mechanisms such as DEP and ASLR should be enabled to reduce the effectiveness of potential exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify systems running affected software versions, with immediate patch deployment prioritized for high-risk environments. The vulnerability also underscores the importance of adhering to secure coding practices and conducting thorough code reviews, particularly for functions handling bit-level data parsing and buffer management operations.