CVE-2022-40115 in Online Banking System
Summary
by MITRE • 09/24/2022
Online Banking System v1.0 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the cust_id parameter at /net-banking/delete_beneficiary.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/21/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-40115 represents a critical security flaw within the Online Banking System version 1.0 that exposes sensitive financial data through improper input validation. This SQL injection vulnerability specifically targets the cust_id parameter within the delete_beneficiary.php endpoint, creating a pathway for malicious actors to manipulate database queries and potentially gain unauthorized access to customer information. The flaw stems from insufficient sanitization of user-supplied input, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL commands that can bypass authentication mechanisms and execute arbitrary database operations.
This vulnerability falls under the CWE-89 category of SQL Injection, which is classified as a common weakness in web applications where user input is directly incorporated into database queries without proper validation or escaping. The attack vector operates through the web application's handling of the cust_id parameter, which is typically used to identify specific customer accounts when performing beneficiary deletion operations. When this parameter receives malicious input containing SQL payload constructs, the application fails to properly sanitize the input before incorporating it into database queries, enabling attackers to manipulate the underlying database structure and extract sensitive information.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as it can enable attackers to perform unauthorized transactions, modify customer records, and potentially compromise entire customer account databases. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could retrieve personal identification information, account balances, transaction histories, and other sensitive banking data that would typically be protected by proper database access controls. The consequences include potential financial loss, regulatory compliance violations, and significant reputational damage to the financial institution operating the vulnerable system. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it targets a core banking functionality that is frequently accessed by legitimate users, making the attack surface more extensive.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate implementation of parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks, along with comprehensive input validation and sanitization of all user-supplied data. The system should enforce proper access controls and implement proper error handling that does not expose database structure information to end users. Additionally, regular security testing including automated vulnerability scanning and manual penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in other application components. The remediation process should follow established security frameworks such as the OWASP Top Ten and NIST Cybersecurity Framework guidelines for web application security. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls and database activity monitoring solutions to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation in web applications and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190 for exploiting vulnerabilities in web applications, highlighting the need for comprehensive security measures throughout the software development lifecycle.