CVE-2022-40798 in OcoMon
Summary
by MITRE • 10/19/2022
OcoMon 4.0RC1 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control. Through a request the user can obtain the real email, sending the same request with correct email its possible to account takeover.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/08/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-40798 affects OcoMon version 4.0RC1 and represents a critical access control flaw that fundamentally undermines the application's security model. This issue stems from improper validation of user requests within the authentication and account management components of the system. The vulnerability manifests when an attacker can manipulate API requests to extract sensitive user information, specifically real email addresses, which then enables subsequent account takeover attempts through exploitation of the same request mechanisms.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability lies in the application's insufficient input validation and access control checks within its user account handling routines. When legitimate users submit requests containing email addresses, the system fails to properly authenticate or authorize these requests before returning sensitive information. This flaw creates a path where attackers can systematically enumerate valid user accounts by sending crafted requests that bypass normal access controls. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and specifically targets the email verification and account recovery mechanisms that should normally require proper authentication tokens or session validation before disclosing user-specific information.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted within the context of modern web applications and cybersecurity frameworks. An attacker exploiting this flaw can systematically discover valid user accounts and their corresponding email addresses, creating a comprehensive user database that can then be leveraged for targeted attacks including credential stuffing, social engineering campaigns, or direct account takeover attempts. The vulnerability directly maps to CWE-284 which defines improper access control as a weakness where an application fails to properly enforce access restrictions, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078 which covers valid accounts as a means of gaining access to systems. This creates a significant risk for organizations using OcoMon as it enables attackers to establish persistent access to user accounts and potentially escalate privileges through further exploitation.
The account takeover capability represents the most dangerous aspect of this vulnerability, as it allows attackers to assume legitimate user identities within the system. Once an attacker has obtained valid email addresses through the initial information disclosure, they can leverage these credentials to perform account takeover operations by submitting requests with valid email addresses but potentially manipulated authentication parameters. This creates a direct pathway to unauthorized access to user data, system resources, and potentially sensitive organizational information. The vulnerability affects the fundamental principle of least privilege and demonstrates how inadequate access control mechanisms can completely compromise user authentication systems.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-40798 should focus on implementing robust input validation and authentication checks within all user-facing API endpoints. Organizations should enforce proper access control measures that require valid session tokens or authentication credentials before any sensitive information is returned to client requests. The implementation of rate limiting and request validation mechanisms can help prevent automated enumeration attacks that exploit this vulnerability. Additionally, organizations should conduct thorough security reviews of all authentication and account management components to ensure proper separation of concerns and prevent similar issues in other system modules. Patch management protocols should be immediately implemented to address this vulnerability in affected OcoMon installations, while also establishing monitoring procedures to detect potential exploitation attempts. The remediation process must include comprehensive testing of access control mechanisms to ensure that all user account operations properly validate authentication state and implement appropriate authorization checks before returning any sensitive information to client applications.