CVE-2022-41559 in Nimbus
Summary
by MITRE • 12/06/2022
The Web Client component of TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO Nimbus contains an easily exploitable vulnerability that allows an unauthenticated attacker with network access to exploit an open redirect on the affected system. A successful attack using this vulnerability requires human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Affected releases are TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO Nimbus: version 10.5.0.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/23/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-41559 resides within the Web Client component of TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO Nimbus platform, specifically affecting version 10.5.0. This security flaw represents a critical concern for organizations relying on the platform's web-based interfaces for business operations. The vulnerability manifests as an open redirect issue that can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers who possess network access to the affected system. Such a flaw creates a dangerous pathway for malicious actors to manipulate user navigation and potentially execute social engineering attacks against legitimate users of the platform.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-601, which categorizes open redirect vulnerabilities as weaknesses that allow attackers to redirect users to malicious websites. The flaw operates by failing to properly validate redirect URLs within the web client component, enabling attackers to craft malicious URLs that would redirect users to attacker-controlled domains. This particular vulnerability requires human interaction from users other than the attacker, meaning that while the attack vector is easily exploitable, it cannot be fully automated without user participation. The attacker must first gain access to the target network and then convince a legitimate user to click on a crafted link that exploits the redirect functionality.
The operational impact of CVE-2022-41559 extends beyond simple redirection attacks and can potentially lead to more severe consequences within enterprise environments. Organizations using TIBCO Nimbus may face risks including credential theft, phishing attacks, and potential data exfiltration if users are redirected to malicious sites that attempt to capture authentication information. The vulnerability's classification under the ATT&CK framework would likely map to T1566, which covers social engineering techniques including phishing and pretexting. This makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous in enterprise settings where users may be targeted through spear-phishing campaigns that leverage the open redirect functionality to make malicious links appear more legitimate.
The exploitation process requires an attacker to first establish network access to the TIBCO Nimbus system and then craft a malicious redirect URL that would be accepted by the vulnerable web client. Once a user clicks on the crafted link, they would be redirected to an attacker-controlled website that could be designed to harvest credentials or deliver malware. This attack vector represents a significant concern for organizations that rely heavily on web-based interfaces for their business processes, as it exploits the trust relationship between users and the application. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that it affects the core web client functionality, making it difficult to isolate and remediate without comprehensive system updates.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-41559 should focus on immediate patching of the affected TIBCO Nimbus version 10.5.0 to address the open redirect vulnerability. Organizations should also implement network-level controls including firewall rules that restrict access to the vulnerable web client interfaces and monitor for suspicious redirect patterns in network traffic. Additionally, user education programs should be enhanced to train personnel on recognizing potentially malicious redirects and phishing attempts that exploit similar vulnerabilities. The remediation process must include thorough testing to ensure that the patch does not introduce regressions in legitimate functionality while maintaining the security posture of the TIBCO Nimbus platform. Organizations should also consider implementing additional layers of security including web application firewalls and monitoring solutions that can detect and prevent exploitation attempts targeting this specific vulnerability.