CVE-2022-41563 in JasperReports Server
Summary
by MITRE • 12/13/2022
The Dashboard component of TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO JasperReports Server, TIBCO JasperReports Server, TIBCO JasperReports Server - Developer Edition, TIBCO JasperReports Server for AWS Marketplace, TIBCO JasperReports Server for AWS Marketplace, TIBCO JasperReports Server for Microsoft Azure, and TIBCO JasperReports Server for Microsoft Azure contains an easily exploitable vulnerability that allows a low privileged attacker with network access to execute Stored Cross Site Scripting (XSS) on the affected system. A successful attack using this vulnerability requires human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Affected releases are TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO JasperReports Server: versions 8.0.2 and below, TIBCO JasperReports Server: version 8.1.0, TIBCO JasperReports Server - Developer Edition: versions 8.1.0 and below, TIBCO JasperReports Server for AWS Marketplace: versions 8.0.2 and below, TIBCO JasperReports Server for AWS Marketplace: version 8.1.0, TIBCO JasperReports Server for Microsoft Azure: versions 8.0.2 and below, and TIBCO JasperReports Server for Microsoft Azure: version 8.1.0.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/08/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-41563 represents a critical stored cross site scripting flaw within the dashboard component of TIBCO JasperReports Server across multiple deployment variants including developer editions and cloud marketplace versions. This vulnerability exists in all affected releases through version 8.1.0, creating a persistent security risk that can be exploited by low-privileged attackers who gain network access to the system. The flaw specifically resides in how the dashboard component processes user input, allowing malicious script code to be stored and subsequently executed when other users view the affected dashboard content. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers require minimal technical expertise to leverage this weakness effectively, making it particularly dangerous in production environments where dashboard functionality is frequently accessed by multiple users.
The technical implementation of this stored XSS vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and output encoding within the dashboard component's data handling mechanisms. When users create or modify dashboard elements, the system fails to properly sanitize user-supplied data before storing it in the backend database or rendering it in the user interface. This allows attackers to inject malicious JavaScript payloads that persist in the system and execute automatically when legitimate users access the compromised dashboard views. The requirement for human interaction from users other than the attacker indicates that the malicious code must be viewed by an authenticated user with appropriate privileges for the full impact to be realized, though this does not prevent the initial infection vector or the potential for privilege escalation through subsequent exploitation attempts. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-079 (Cross-site Scripting) and specifically manifests as a stored XSS attack pattern where malicious input is permanently stored and then executed during normal user operations.
The operational impact of CVE-2022-41563 extends beyond simple script execution capabilities and can enable attackers to perform various malicious activities including session hijacking, credential theft, data exfiltration, and potential privilege escalation within the JasperReports Server environment. An attacker could craft malicious dashboard content that steals session cookies from authenticated users, redirects them to malicious sites, or executes commands that compromise the underlying system. The widespread nature of the affected products means that organizations running any of the listed versions across different deployment platforms including AWS Marketplace and Microsoft Azure are potentially exposed to this risk. The vulnerability's presence in both standard and developer editions suggests that development environments are equally at risk, potentially exposing sensitive information during the development and testing phases. This represents a significant concern for enterprises that rely on JasperReports Server for business intelligence and reporting, as dashboard components often contain sensitive business data and system information.
Organizations should immediately implement mitigations including updating to patched versions of TIBCO JasperReports Server, implementing network segmentation to limit access to the dashboard components, and applying additional input validation measures at the application level. The recommended approach involves patching all affected versions to ensure the proper sanitization of user inputs and implementation of proper output encoding mechanisms. Security teams should also consider implementing web application firewalls and content security policies to prevent exploitation attempts, while monitoring for suspicious dashboard creation activities that may indicate attempted exploitation. Additionally, organizations should conduct thorough security assessments of their dashboard configurations to identify any custom dashboard components that may be vulnerable to similar attacks. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1059.007 (Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript) and T1531 (Account Access Removal), emphasizing the potential for both execution and privilege manipulation through successful exploitation. Regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing should be implemented to identify and remediate similar issues across the broader TIBCO JasperReports Server ecosystem, particularly focusing on input validation controls and output encoding mechanisms that are critical for preventing XSS vulnerabilities in web applications.