CVE-2022-44012 in Lieferantenmanager
Summary
by MITRE • 12/25/2022
An issue was discovered in /DS/LM_API/api/SelectionService/InsertQueryWithActiveRelationsReturnId in Simmeth Lieferantenmanager before 5.6. An attacker can execute JavaScript code in the browser of the victim if a site is loaded. The victim's encrypted password can be stolen and most likely be decrypted.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/24/2023
This vulnerability exists in the Simmeth Lieferantenmanager software version prior to 5.6 within the /DS/LM_API/api/SelectionService/InsertQueryWithActiveRelationsReturnId endpoint. The flaw represents a classic cross-site scripting vulnerability that allows remote attackers to inject malicious javascript code into web responses. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms within the application's api layer, specifically in how the system processes and renders data returned from database queries that involve active relations. When a victim accesses a compromised page or loads content through this api endpoint, the malicious javascript executes within the victim's browser context, potentially compromising the entire session and sensitive data.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability follows the typical XSS attack pattern where an attacker crafts malicious input that gets processed by the backend and subsequently rendered in the browser without proper sanitization. The attack vector is particularly dangerous because it operates at the application layer, targeting the user's browser session rather than the server itself. This creates a persistent threat where the attacker can execute code in the victim's browser environment, potentially stealing session cookies, credentials, or other sensitive information. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple script execution as it can lead to complete session hijacking and unauthorized access to privileged functions within the application.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe as it enables attackers to perform session hijacking attacks and credential theft without requiring any special privileges or access to the backend systems. The stolen encrypted passwords, while protected by encryption, can be decrypted if the attacker gains access to the encryption keys or if the encryption implementation has weaknesses. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-79 Cross-site Scripting and follows the ATT&CK technique T1059.007 Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript, where attackers leverage browser-based scripting capabilities to execute malicious code. The attack can be initiated through various means including phishing campaigns, compromised websites, or by manipulating data through the vulnerable api endpoint.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing comprehensive input validation and output encoding across all api endpoints, particularly those handling user-supplied data. The application should employ proper content security policies to prevent unauthorized script execution and implement strict sanitization of all data returned from database queries. Regular security updates and patches should be applied immediately upon release, and the system should undergo regular penetration testing to identify similar vulnerabilities. Additionally, implementing web application firewalls and monitoring for suspicious api activity can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of secure coding practices and proper input validation in preventing client-side attacks that can compromise entire user sessions and sensitive data.