CVE-2022-45012 in WBCE
Summary
by MITRE • 11/21/2022
A cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Modify Page module of WBCE CMS v1.5.4 allows attackers to execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML via a crafted payload injected into the Source field.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/29/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-45012 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw within the Modify Page module of WBCE CMS version 1.5.4. This security weakness resides in the improper handling of user input within the Source field parameter, creating an avenue for malicious actors to inject and execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML code within the context of affected user sessions. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms that fail to properly sanitize or escape potentially dangerous characters and script tags entered by users. Attackers can exploit this flaw by crafting malicious payloads that, when processed by the CMS, get executed in the browsers of unsuspecting users who view the affected pages.
This XSS vulnerability operates under CWE-79 which categorizes cross-site scripting as a code injection flaw where untrusted data is improperly integrated into web pages viewed by other users. The attack vector specifically targets the Modify Page module functionality, which likely serves as an administrative interface for content modification. The Source field parameter becomes the primary injection point where attackers can embed malicious JavaScript code, HTML tags, or other harmful content that gets stored and subsequently executed when legitimate users access the modified pages. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple script execution to potentially enable session hijacking, credential theft, and redirection to malicious websites, making it particularly dangerous for content management systems that handle sensitive user data and administrative functions.
The operational impact of CVE-2022-45012 is substantial for organizations utilizing WBCE CMS v1.5.4, as it provides attackers with a means to compromise user sessions and potentially gain unauthorized access to administrative functions. When successful, this vulnerability can lead to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, and persistent backdoor access through the execution of malicious scripts that can establish command and control channels. The attack requires minimal privileges and can be executed through simple web-based payloads, making it highly exploitable in environments where administrators or users regularly modify page content through the CMS interface. The vulnerability's persistence lies in the stored nature of the XSS, meaning that once injected, the malicious code remains active until manually removed from the CMS database.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-45012 should prioritize immediate patching of the WBCE CMS to version 1.5.5 or later, which contains the necessary security fixes for this vulnerability. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation and output encoding measures, specifically ensuring that all user-supplied data entering the Source field parameter undergoes strict sanitization before being stored or rendered. The implementation of Content Security Policy (CSP) headers provides an additional layer of protection by restricting the sources from which scripts can be loaded and executed within the browser context. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other CMS modules or custom applications. Network segmentation and monitoring solutions should be deployed to detect anomalous traffic patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts, while user access controls should be enforced to limit administrative privileges to only essential personnel. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of keeping all CMS components updated and following secure coding practices that align with OWASP Top Ten security recommendations and NIST cybersecurity guidelines for web application security.