CVE-2022-4511 in DocSys
Summary
by MITRE • 12/15/2022
A vulnerability has been found in RainyGao DocSys and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component com.DocSystem.controller.UserController#getUserImg. The manipulation leads to path traversal: '../filedir'. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-215851.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/12/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-4511 represents a critical path traversal flaw within the RainyGao DocSys application, specifically affecting the com.DocSystem.controller.UserController#getUserImg component. This security weakness enables attackers to manipulate file path references and access unauthorized directories through crafted input sequences such as '../filedir'. The vulnerability's classification as critical stems from its potential for unauthorized data access and system compromise, making it a significant concern for organizations relying on this document management system. The path traversal vulnerability allows malicious actors to bypass normal access controls and potentially retrieve sensitive files from the server's file system.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs through the UserController's getUserImg method which likely processes user-provided file path parameters without adequate validation or sanitization. When an attacker submits a malicious path traversal sequence like '../filedir', the application fails to properly validate the input, allowing the request to traverse directories beyond the intended scope. This flaw typically arises from insufficient input filtering and improper path resolution mechanisms within the application's file handling code. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and can be exploited through remote network access, eliminating the need for physical system access or local privileges.
From an operational perspective, the impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized file access to potentially expose sensitive organizational data including configuration files, user credentials, application source code, and other confidential information stored within the server's file system. The public disclosure of the exploit means that threat actors can readily leverage this weakness without requiring advanced technical skills or specialized knowledge. The remote exploitation capability significantly increases the attack surface and potential damage, as attackers can target vulnerable systems from anywhere on the network. This vulnerability directly violates security principles outlined in CWE-22, which addresses path traversal flaws in software applications.
Organizations affected by this vulnerability should immediately implement mitigation strategies including applying the vendor-provided patch, implementing input validation controls, and restricting file access permissions. The recommended approach involves strengthening the UserController's input handling to prevent path traversal attacks through proper parameter validation and sanitization. Security measures should include implementing whitelisting of acceptable file paths, using secure file access libraries, and conducting thorough code reviews to identify similar vulnerabilities. Additionally, network segmentation and access controls should be enhanced to limit potential damage from successful exploitation attempts. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1078 Valid Accounts and T1566 Phishing, as attackers may leverage this weakness to establish persistent access or escalate privileges within compromised systems. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls and monitoring for suspicious path traversal patterns in their network traffic to detect potential exploitation attempts.