CVE-2022-45510 in W30E
Summary
by MITRE • 12/08/2022
Tenda W30E V1.0.1.25(633) was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the mit_ssid_index parameter at /goform/AdvSetWrlsafeset.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/01/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-45510 affects the Tenda W30E wireless router running firmware version V1.0.1.25(633) and represents a critical stack overflow condition that can be exploited through the mit_ssid_index parameter within the /goform/AdvSetWrlsafeset web interface endpoint. This issue resides in the router's web management interface implementation where user input is not properly validated or sanitized before being processed by the underlying software stack. The stack overflow vulnerability occurs when an attacker sends a specially crafted request containing an excessively long value for the mit_ssid_index parameter, causing the application to write beyond the allocated memory buffer on the stack. This memory corruption can lead to arbitrary code execution or system crash, potentially allowing unauthorized access to the device and its network resources. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it affects a widely deployed consumer-grade wireless router model, making it a potential target for mass exploitation campaigns.
The technical flaw manifests through improper input validation mechanisms within the router's web application framework. When the mit_ssid_index parameter is processed by the AdvSetWrlsafeset form handler, the application fails to implement adequate bounds checking or input length restrictions. This allows an attacker to inject malicious data that exceeds the allocated buffer space, causing the stack to overflow and potentially overwrite adjacent memory locations including return addresses and function pointers. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-121 Stack-based Buffer Overflow, which specifically addresses buffer overflows occurring in stack memory regions where insufficient bounds checking permits data to overwrite adjacent stack locations. The attack surface is further extended by the fact that this vulnerability can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication, as the affected endpoint is accessible through the standard web management interface. The exploitation process typically involves crafting a malicious HTTP request with an oversized parameter value that triggers the buffer overflow condition during request processing.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple device compromise to potentially enable broader network infiltration and persistent access. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the router, modify network settings, redirect traffic, or establish backdoor access points for continued unauthorized access. The router's role as a network gateway makes it a prime target for attackers seeking to establish persistent presence within corporate or residential networks, as it provides a legitimate access point for lateral movement and data exfiltration. Network administrators may face challenges in detecting such attacks since the router itself becomes compromised and could potentially be used to hide malicious activities or serve as a pivot point for attacking other networked devices. The vulnerability also poses risks to network availability, as successful exploitation could cause the device to crash or become unresponsive, leading to denial of service for legitimate network users. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability maps to T1059.007 Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell and T1078 Valid Accounts, as it could enable attackers to establish persistent access and execute commands on the compromised device.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-45510 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from Tenda, as the vendor has likely released patches addressing this specific vulnerability. Network administrators should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of affected devices to untrusted networks, particularly ensuring that the router's management interface is not directly accessible from external networks. Additional protective measures include disabling unnecessary services, implementing network access control lists to restrict access to the router's web interface, and monitoring network traffic for suspicious patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Regular vulnerability assessments and network scanning should be conducted to identify other potentially affected devices within the network infrastructure. The implementation of intrusion detection systems can help detect anomalous behavior patterns associated with exploitation attempts, while endpoint protection solutions should be configured to monitor for suspicious command execution patterns on network devices. Organizations should also consider implementing network monitoring solutions that can detect and alert on malformed requests targeting known vulnerable endpoints, as this specific vulnerability affects a well-known management interface pattern used by many router manufacturers.