CVE-2023-0455 in bumsys
Summary
by MITRE • 01/27/2023
Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type in GitHub repository unilogies/bumsys prior to v1.0.3-beta.
Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/07/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-0455 represents a critical security flaw in the GitHub repository unilogies/bumsys prior to version 1.0.3-beta, where the application permits unrestricted file uploads with potentially dangerous file types. This issue stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the file upload functionality, creating a pathway for malicious actors to bypass security controls and upload harmful files to the target system. The vulnerability falls under the category of insecure file handling practices that have been consistently flagged in security assessments and vulnerability scans across numerous applications. The absence of proper file type validation allows attackers to upload files with extensions such as .php, .asp, .jsp, or other executable formats that can compromise the underlying system. This flaw directly relates to CWE-434, which specifically addresses the insecure upload of files with dangerous types, and represents a fundamental weakness in the application's defensive architecture. The vulnerability enables attackers to execute arbitrary code on the server, potentially leading to complete system compromise and unauthorized access to sensitive data. The issue is particularly concerning because it affects a repository that likely serves as a foundation for other applications, amplifying the potential impact across multiple systems that may utilize this codebase.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability demonstrates a failure in the application's security controls at multiple layers. The file upload mechanism lacks proper validation of file content, file extensions, and MIME types, allowing attackers to upload malicious files that can be executed by the web server. This weakness can be exploited through various attack vectors including direct file upload attempts, manipulation of file upload forms, or through parameter tampering techniques. The vulnerability operates by bypassing client-side validation entirely, relying solely on server-side controls that are insufficiently robust. When combined with other weaknesses such as inadequate access controls or poor error handling, this vulnerability creates a complete attack surface for exploitation. The security implications extend beyond simple code execution to include potential privilege escalation, data exfiltration, and persistence mechanisms that attackers can leverage to maintain long-term access to compromised systems. This vulnerability is classified under the MITRE ATT&CK framework as part of the T1059.007 technique for Command and Scripting Interpreter, specifically focusing on PHP web shells and similar malicious payloads that can be uploaded and executed through this vulnerability. The attack surface is further expanded by the fact that this vulnerability affects a repository that may be integrated into larger applications, creating cascading security risks throughout interconnected systems.
The operational impact of CVE-2023-0455 can be severe and far-reaching, potentially leading to complete system compromise, data breaches, and unauthorized access to sensitive information. Organizations utilizing this repository or its derivatives may face immediate threats including server takeover, data loss, and service disruption. The vulnerability allows attackers to establish persistent backdoors, execute arbitrary commands, and potentially escalate privileges to gain administrative access to the underlying infrastructure. The risk is particularly elevated in environments where the application handles sensitive data or operates with elevated privileges. The exploitation of this vulnerability can result in significant financial losses, regulatory compliance violations, and reputational damage. Organizations may experience unauthorized access to databases, file systems, and network resources, potentially leading to intellectual property theft or customer data breaches. The vulnerability also increases the risk of lateral movement within networks, as compromised systems can serve as launching points for further attacks against connected systems. Incident response teams may face challenges in identifying and containing the attack due to the potential for stealthy persistence mechanisms and the difficulty in distinguishing between legitimate and malicious file uploads.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2023-0455 must address both immediate remediation and long-term security improvements. The primary solution involves implementing comprehensive file validation mechanisms that check file extensions, MIME types, and file content against a strict whitelist of allowed formats. Organizations should deploy proper input sanitization, enforce strict access controls on upload directories, and implement proper file naming conventions to prevent execution of uploaded files. The recommended approach includes configuring web servers to treat uploaded files as static content and not executable, while also implementing proper file type detection through content analysis rather than relying solely on extensions. Security measures should incorporate regular security assessments, proper error handling, and logging mechanisms to detect and respond to suspicious upload activities. Organizations must also update to version 1.0.3-beta or later, which contains the necessary patches to address this vulnerability. Additional protective measures include implementing network segmentation, monitoring upload activities, and deploying web application firewalls to detect and block malicious upload attempts. The implementation of secure coding practices and regular security training for development teams can prevent similar vulnerabilities from being introduced in future code releases. Organizations should also consider implementing automated vulnerability scanning tools that can detect insecure file upload mechanisms during development and deployment phases, ensuring that such security flaws are identified and addressed before they can be exploited in production environments.