CVE-2023-0878 in framework
Summary
by MITRE • 02/17/2023
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Generic in GitHub repository nuxt/framework prior to 3.2.1.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/12/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-0878 represents a cross-site scripting flaw classified as generic within the nuxt/framework repository, affecting versions prior to 3.2.1. This issue resides in the Nuxt.js framework which is a popular Vue.js-based framework for building universal web applications. The vulnerability manifests in how the framework handles user input and renders content, creating an opportunity for malicious actors to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users.
The technical flaw stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms within the framework's rendering pipeline. When user-supplied data is processed and displayed without proper sanitization, it creates an XSS attack vector that allows attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of the victim's browser. This generic classification suggests the vulnerability exists across multiple areas of the framework rather than being isolated to a specific component or function. The flaw operates at the application level where user-provided content flows through the framework's processing mechanisms and gets rendered back to users without adequate protection against script injection.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant as it can enable attackers to perform various malicious activities including session hijacking, credential theft, data exfiltration, and redirection to malicious websites. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by crafting malicious input that gets processed and rendered by the framework, thereby executing unauthorized scripts in users' browsers. This poses particular risk to applications that handle user-generated content or display dynamic data from external sources, as these scenarios provide multiple attack vectors for exploitation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2023-0878 should prioritize immediate upgrade to version 3.2.1 or later of the nuxt/framework repository, as this release contains the necessary patches to address the XSS vulnerability. Organizations should also implement comprehensive input validation mechanisms, employ proper output encoding for all dynamic content, and utilize Content Security Policy headers to limit script execution. Additionally, regular security audits and dependency updates should be maintained to prevent similar vulnerabilities from emerging in the application stack. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws, and may map to ATT&CK technique T1531 related to credential access through web application vulnerabilities.