CVE-2023-25367 in SDS1104X-E
Summary
by MITRE • 06/14/2023
Siglent SDS 1104X-E SDS1xx4X-E_V6.1.37R9.ADS allows unfiltered user input resulting in Remote Code Execution (RCE) with SCPI interface or web server.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/30/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-25367 affects Siglent SDS 1104X-E and SDS1xx4X-E oscilloscopes running firmware version V6.1.37R9.ADS. This critical security flaw resides within the device's communication interfaces, specifically exposing both the SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments) interface and the web server to unauthorized remote code execution capabilities. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation mechanisms that fail to properly filter or sanitize user-provided data before processing, creating a pathway for malicious actors to inject arbitrary commands into the system.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability demonstrates a classic command injection flaw that operates at multiple protocol layers within the device's architecture. When users interact with the SCPI interface or web server components, the system processes incoming commands without adequate sanitization of input parameters, allowing attackers to craft malicious payloads that bypass normal operational boundaries. This weakness directly maps to CWE-77 which describes improper neutralization of special elements used in commands, and more specifically to CWE-94 which addresses the execution of arbitrary code or commands. The device's failure to implement proper input validation creates an environment where attacker-controlled data can be interpreted and executed as legitimate system commands, effectively granting remote adversaries complete control over the device's operational functions.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized access, as it provides attackers with complete system compromise capabilities. An attacker with network access to the device can execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the running service, potentially leading to full system takeover, data exfiltration, or use of the compromised device as a pivot point for further network infiltration. The web server component exposes additional attack surface through HTTP-based interfaces that may be accessible from external networks, while the SCPI interface provides programmatic access that could be exploited through automated tools or scripting. This dual exposure increases the attack surface and attack surface complexity, making exploitation more likely and potentially more devastating than a single interface vulnerability would be.
The exploitation of this vulnerability follows established patterns documented in the MITRE ATT&CK framework, particularly mapping to techniques involving command and scripting interpreter execution and remote service execution. The attack chain typically involves initial reconnaissance to identify vulnerable devices, followed by crafting of malicious payloads that leverage the input validation bypass to inject commands directly into the system. The compromised device can then be used for persistent access, data collection, or as a staging point for attacks on other networked systems. Organizations should consider implementing network segmentation, disabling unnecessary services, and applying firmware updates as immediate mitigation steps to reduce exposure. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of secure coding practices and input validation in embedded systems, particularly in industrial equipment where such devices may be deployed in critical infrastructure environments.