CVE-2023-27984 in IGSS Data Server
Summary
by MITRE • 03/21/2023
A CWE-20: Improper Input Validation vulnerability exists in Custom Reports that could cause a macro to be executed, potentially leading to remote code execution when a user opens a malicious report file planted by an attacker. Affected Products: IGSS Data Server(IGSSdataServer.exe)(V16.0.0.23040 and prior), IGSS Dashboard(DashBoard.exe)(V16.0.0.23040 and prior), Custom Reports(RMS16.dll)(V16.0.0.23040 and prior).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/01/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-27984 represents a critical improper input validation flaw classified under CWE-20 that affects multiple components within the IGSS software ecosystem. This vulnerability specifically targets the Custom Reports functionality and exists within the RMS16.dll library version 16.0.0.23040 and earlier versions. The flaw stems from inadequate validation of user-supplied input data within the report generation and processing pipeline, creating a dangerous attack surface where malicious actors can craft specially crafted report files designed to exploit this weakness.
The technical execution of this vulnerability occurs through macro-based attack vectors that leverage the legitimate report processing capabilities of the affected software. When a user opens a maliciously crafted report file, the embedded malicious macros are automatically executed within the context of the running application process. This represents a classic sandbox escape scenario where the application's trust model is violated, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code on the target system with the privileges of the user running the application. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it requires no special privileges or elevated access to exploit, relying solely on social engineering to deliver the malicious payload through seemingly legitimate report files.
The operational impact of CVE-2023-27984 extends beyond simple remote code execution, as it can enable attackers to establish persistent access to affected systems. Once a malicious macro executes successfully, attackers can leverage the compromised system to perform reconnaissance activities, escalate privileges, and deploy additional malware or backdoors. The affected products including IGSS Data Server, IGSS Dashboard, and Custom Reports all share this vulnerability, creating a widespread attack surface across the entire IGSS software suite. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.005 for command and scripting interpreter and T1078.004 for valid accounts, as it can be used to execute commands and potentially establish persistence through legitimate user accounts.
Organizations using affected IGSS software versions face significant risk of compromise from this vulnerability, particularly in industrial control systems and operational technology environments where these applications are commonly deployed. The vulnerability's exploitation requires minimal technical skill from attackers, making it particularly dangerous in environments where users may not be security-aware. The attack vector relies on users opening malicious files, which can occur through phishing campaigns, compromised software distribution channels, or direct attacks targeting specific users within the organization. Mitigation strategies should include immediate patching of all affected software components, implementation of strict file access controls, user education regarding suspicious file attachments, and network monitoring for anomalous macro execution patterns. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing application whitelisting policies to prevent unauthorized macro execution and establish network segmentation to limit the potential lateral movement of attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability.