CVE-2023-28523 in Informix Dynamic Server
Summary
by MITRE • 12/09/2023
IBM Informix Dynamic Server 12.10 and 14.10 onsmsync is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow, caused by improper bounds checking which could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. IBM X-Force ID: 250753.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/01/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-28523 affects IBM Informix Dynamic Server versions 12.10 and 14.10 specifically within the onsmsync component. This represents a critical security flaw that could potentially compromise the integrity and availability of database systems running these vulnerable versions. The issue stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms that fail to properly enforce bounds checking on heap memory allocations. The vulnerability manifests when the system processes certain data inputs through the onsmsync functionality, creating conditions where attacker-controlled data can overwrite adjacent memory locations beyond the intended buffer boundaries.
The technical implementation of this heap buffer overflow vulnerability falls under CWE-121, which describes heap-based buffer overflow conditions where insufficient bounds checking allows memory corruption. The flaw occurs during the processing of data structures within the onsmsync module, where the application allocates memory on the heap but fails to validate input lengths against allocated buffer sizes. This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can be exploited to overwrite critical memory locations including return addresses, function pointers, or other control data structures that govern program execution flow.
From an operational perspective, successful exploitation of this vulnerability could enable remote attackers to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the affected process, typically resulting in complete system compromise. The impact extends beyond simple data corruption as attackers could potentially escalate privileges, establish persistent backdoors, or deploy additional malicious payloads. Database systems are often critical infrastructure components that store sensitive information, making this vulnerability particularly attractive to threat actors seeking unauthorized access to enterprise environments. The vulnerability's remote exploitability means that attackers do not require physical access or local credentials to attempt exploitation.
Security practitioners should prioritize immediate mitigation measures including applying the latest IBM security patches and updates that address this heap buffer overflow condition. Organizations running affected versions should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of the vulnerable onsmsync component. Monitoring for suspicious network traffic patterns or unusual database activity may help detect exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter, as successful exploitation would likely involve executing malicious code through compromised database processes. Additionally, implementing application whitelisting policies and regular security assessments can help reduce the attack surface and detect potential exploitation attempts before they succeed.