CVE-2023-30187 in Document Server
Summary
by MITRE • 08/14/2023
An out of bounds memory access vulnerability in ONLYOFFICE DocumentServer 4.0.3 through 7.3.2 allows remote attackers to run arbitrary code via crafted JavaScript file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/21/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-30187 represents a critical out of bounds memory access flaw within the ONLYOFFICE DocumentServer software ecosystem. This issue affects versions ranging from 4.0.3 through 7.3.2, creating a significant security risk for organizations relying on this document processing platform. The vulnerability manifests through a memory access error that occurs when processing crafted JavaScript files, potentially allowing remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected systems. Such a flaw fundamentally compromises the integrity and confidentiality of document processing environments where ONLYOFFICE DocumentServer is deployed.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from improper bounds checking within the JavaScript engine component of the DocumentServer. When a maliciously crafted JavaScript file is processed, the application fails to properly validate array indices or memory boundaries, leading to unauthorized memory access patterns. This memory corruption vulnerability directly maps to CWE-129, which addresses insufficient validation of length of input buffers, and CWE-787, which covers out-of-bounds write operations. The flaw essentially allows attackers to manipulate memory layout and potentially overwrite critical program structures or inject malicious code execution paths.
Operationally, this vulnerability presents a severe threat to organizations utilizing ONLYOFFICE DocumentServer for document collaboration and processing. Remote attackers can exploit this weakness by uploading or referencing malicious JavaScript files that trigger the memory access violation during document rendering or processing. The arbitrary code execution capability means that attackers could gain full control over affected systems, potentially leading to data breaches, privilege escalation, or establishment of persistent backdoors. Organizations running web applications that integrate with DocumentServer for document handling are particularly at risk, as the vulnerability can be exploited through web interfaces without requiring authentication.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2023-30187 should prioritize immediate patching of affected versions to the latest stable releases where the memory access validation has been corrected. System administrators should implement network segmentation to limit access to DocumentServer components and establish strict input validation policies for all JavaScript file processing. Additionally, deploying intrusion detection systems with signatures for known exploit patterns and implementing application whitelisting can provide additional defensive layers. Organizations should also conduct thorough security assessments of their DocumentServer deployments to identify and remediate any custom configurations that might exacerbate the vulnerability. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1059.007 for JavaScript and T1203 for Exploitation for Client Execution, highlighting the need for both network-level and endpoint security controls. Regular security monitoring and vulnerability scanning should be implemented to detect potential exploitation attempts and ensure continued system integrity.