CVE-2023-33570 in Bagisto
Summary
by MITRE • 06/28/2023
Bagisto v1.5.1 is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/05/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-33570 affects Bagisto version 1.5.1 and represents a critical server-side template injection flaw that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on the affected system. This vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization within the template processing mechanisms of the e-commerce platform, creating an avenue for malicious actors to inject template code that gets executed server-side. The flaw exists in the application's handling of user-supplied data within template contexts, where improper escaping or filtering permits template injection payloads to be interpreted and executed as legitimate template instructions rather than raw input.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the application's template engine failing to properly isolate user input from template processing logic. When user-controllable parameters are passed directly into template rendering functions without adequate sanitization, attackers can craft malicious payloads that exploit the template engine's syntax to execute unintended commands. This typically occurs when the application uses template variables or parameters that are not properly escaped or validated before being processed by the underlying template engine. The vulnerability can be exploited through various attack vectors including form submissions, API endpoints, or URL parameters that are subsequently used in template rendering contexts, making it particularly dangerous as it can be triggered from multiple entry points within the application.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted, potentially allowing attackers to achieve complete system compromise. Successful exploitation can enable remote code execution, data exfiltration, privilege escalation, and persistence mechanisms within the affected environment. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary system commands, access sensitive data, modify application behavior, and potentially establish backdoors for continued access. The attack surface is broad as the vulnerability affects core application functionality that processes user input through template systems, potentially impacting customer data, product information, order processing, and administrative functions. Organizations running vulnerable versions of Bagisto face significant risk of data breaches, service disruption, and compliance violations that could result in substantial financial and reputational damage.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2023-33570 should prioritize immediate patching of the affected Bagisto version to the latest stable release that addresses the template injection vulnerability. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation and sanitization measures across all template processing pathways, ensuring that user-supplied data is properly escaped or filtered before being used in template contexts. Network-level protections including web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems should be configured to monitor for suspicious template injection patterns and anomalous request behaviors. Additionally, implementing proper access controls and least privilege principles can limit the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar issues within the application and its dependencies, while maintaining updated threat intelligence to detect emerging exploitation patterns targeting template injection vulnerabilities. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-94, which specifically addresses "Improper Control of Generation of Code" and relates to ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter, highlighting the critical nature of template engine security in modern web applications.
The remediation process should include comprehensive code review of template processing functions, implementation of secure template rendering practices, and establishment of automated testing procedures to validate input sanitization. Organizations should also consider implementing runtime application self-protection mechanisms and monitoring solutions to detect and prevent exploitation attempts in real-time. Regular security training for development teams on secure coding practices and template engine security considerations is essential to prevent similar vulnerabilities from being introduced in future releases.