CVE-2023-36034 in Edge
Summary
by MITRE • 11/03/2023
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/21/2025
Microsoft Edge Chromium-based browser contains a remote code execution vulnerability that arises from improper handling of memory operations during web page rendering. This vulnerability stems from a flaw in the browser's JavaScript engine where insufficient bounds checking occurs when processing certain array operations. The vulnerability is classified as a memory corruption issue that can be exploited through crafted web content delivered via malicious websites or email attachments. Attackers can leverage this weakness to execute arbitrary code on affected systems with the privileges of the logged-in user. The flaw exists in the V8 JavaScript engine component that Microsoft Edge uses for web page processing, specifically during the handling of typed arrays and array buffer operations. This vulnerability represents a critical security risk as it allows for privilege escalation and persistent system compromise without requiring user interaction beyond visiting a malicious webpage. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it affects the core rendering engine of the browser, making it a prime target for exploitation in advanced persistent threat campaigns.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a heap-based buffer overflow condition that occurs when the browser processes malformed array data structures. During normal operation, the JavaScript engine allocates memory for array operations and performs bounds checking to prevent memory access violations. However, the flaw allows attackers to bypass these safety mechanisms through carefully constructed input that manipulates memory layout and triggers undefined behavior. This memory corruption can be leveraged to overwrite critical program execution pointers or function return addresses, enabling attackers to redirect code execution flow. The vulnerability requires no user interaction beyond visiting a malicious website, making it particularly dangerous for targeted attacks. The flaw is related to CWE-121 which describes heap-based buffer overflow conditions, and specifically aligns with CWE-787 which addresses out-of-bounds write vulnerabilities. The attack surface is extensive as it affects all versions of Microsoft Edge that utilize the vulnerable V8 engine component, including various Windows operating systems and mobile platforms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution to include potential data theft, system compromise, and lateral movement within network environments. Once successfully exploited, attackers can establish persistent backdoors, install additional malware, or escalate privileges to system administrator levels. The vulnerability's remote exploitation capability makes it particularly attractive for large-scale attacks against organizations, as attackers can target multiple users simultaneously through phishing campaigns or compromised websites. Security researchers have noted that this vulnerability can be used in conjunction with other exploits to bypass modern security mitigations such as address space layout randomization and data execution prevention. The attack pattern typically involves delivering malicious JavaScript code that triggers the memory corruption during page rendering, followed by a payload delivery mechanism that establishes the attacker's command and control infrastructure. Organizations running affected versions of Microsoft Edge face significant risk of unauthorized access and potential data breaches, with the vulnerability creating a persistent threat vector that can be exploited across multiple network segments.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability focus on immediate patching and implementation of additional security controls. Microsoft has released security updates addressing this vulnerability through regular security patches, making timely installation essential for all affected systems. Organizations should implement network-based security controls including web application firewalls and content filtering systems to prevent access to known malicious domains. Browser hardening techniques such as disabling unnecessary JavaScript features and implementing strict content security policies can reduce exploitation success rates. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059 which describes execution through scripting languages, and T1071 which covers application layer protocol usage. Security monitoring should focus on detecting anomalous JavaScript execution patterns and memory access violations that may indicate exploitation attempts. Endpoint detection and response solutions should be configured to monitor for suspicious process creation and memory modification activities. Additionally, user education and awareness programs should emphasize the dangers of visiting untrusted websites and opening suspicious email attachments. Regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify and remediate similar issues in other browser components and web applications. Organizations should also consider implementing browser isolation technologies and sandboxing mechanisms to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts.