CVE-2023-4249 in CF7500
Summary
by MITRE • 11/09/2023
Zavio CF7500, CF7300, CF7201, CF7501, CB3211, CB3212, CB5220, CB6231, B8520, B8220, and CD321
IP Cameras
with firmware version M2.1.6.05 has a command injection vulnerability in their implementation of their binaries and handling of network requests.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/02/2024
The Zavio IP camera series including models CF7500, CF7300, CF7201, CF7501, CB3211, CB3212, CB5220, CB6231, B8520, B8220, and CD321 contains a critical command injection vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-4249. This vulnerability exists within the firmware version M2.1.6.05 and affects the cameras' handling of network requests and binary implementations. The flaw represents a significant security weakness that could allow unauthorized users to execute arbitrary commands on affected devices, potentially leading to complete system compromise and unauthorized access to surveillance footage and network resources.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization within the camera's web interface and network request handling mechanisms. When the affected cameras process incoming network requests, they fail to properly validate or sanitize user-supplied parameters that are subsequently passed to system commands. This allows malicious actors to inject command sequences that bypass normal access controls and execute with the privileges of the web server or system process. The vulnerability operates at the application level and can be exploited through web-based interfaces, making it particularly dangerous for devices connected to untrusted networks.
The operational impact of this command injection vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized access to encompass complete system compromise and potential lateral movement within network environments. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability could gain root-level access to the camera's operating system, allowing them to modify firmware, access stored video footage, manipulate camera settings, or use the device as a pivot point for attacking other networked systems. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that IP cameras are often deployed in sensitive environments such as corporate offices, retail locations, and industrial facilities where they may have access to critical infrastructure or confidential data. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-77 and CWE-88 categories related to command injection and improper neutralization of special elements used in OS commands, and maps to ATT&CK techniques such as T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter and T1046 for network service scanning.
Organizations should immediately implement mitigations including firmware updates from Zavio to address the command injection vulnerability, network segmentation to isolate affected cameras from critical systems, and implementation of network monitoring to detect suspicious command execution patterns. Access controls should be strengthened through authentication hardening, and regular security audits should be conducted to verify proper implementation of input validation measures. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of secure coding practices in embedded systems and highlights the need for regular firmware updates and vulnerability assessments in networked security devices. Network administrators should also consider implementing intrusion detection systems specifically configured to identify command injection attempts targeting networked video equipment.