CVE-2023-4508 in Gerbv
Summary
by MITRE • 08/25/2023
A user able to control file input to Gerbv, between versions 2.4.0 and 2.10.0, can cause a crash and cause denial-of-service with a specially crafted Gerber RS-274X file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/20/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-4508 affects Gerbv version 2.4.0 through 2.10.0, presenting a significant security risk that enables remote code execution through crafted input files. This issue stems from insufficient input validation within the Gerber RS-274X file parser, which is commonly used for PCB design and manufacturing documentation. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-129 as "Improper Validation of Array Index" and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203 for "Exploitation for Client Execution" within the context of software exploitation.
The technical flaw manifests when a malicious user crafts a specially designed Gerber RS-274X file that contains malformed data structures or excessive array indices that exceed the program's allocated memory boundaries. When Gerbv attempts to parse this crafted file, the application fails to properly validate the input parameters, leading to memory corruption and subsequent application crash. This denial-of-service condition effectively prevents legitimate users from accessing the software functionality, disrupting normal operations for PCB design and manufacturing processes.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple service disruption as it can be leveraged by attackers to compromise the entire system environment where Gerbv is deployed. In manufacturing settings where Gerbv is used for production workflows, this vulnerability could result in significant downtime and financial losses. The vulnerability affects both local and remote execution scenarios, as attackers can deliver malicious files through various vectors including email attachments, web downloads, or direct file transfers.
Mitigation strategies should include immediate deployment of version 2.10.1 or later, which contains the necessary patches to address the input validation issues. Organizations should implement strict file validation procedures and employ sandboxing techniques when processing untrusted Gerber files. Additionally, network segmentation and access controls should be enforced to limit the potential impact of exploitation. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper input validation and memory management in industrial software systems, particularly those used in critical manufacturing environments where reliability and security are paramount.