CVE-2023-46047 in Sane
Summary
by MITRE • 03/27/2024
An issue in Sane 1.2.1 allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file to the sanei_configure_attach() function. NOTE: this is disputed because there is no expectation that the product should be starting with an attacker-controlled configuration file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/26/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-46047 affects the SANE (Scanner Access Now Easy) 1.2.1 software suite, which provides a standardized interface for accessing scanners and other image acquisition devices. This issue represents a potential privilege escalation vector that could allow local attackers to execute arbitrary code on systems running vulnerable versions of SANE. The vulnerability specifically resides within the sanei_configure_attach() function, which handles the configuration and attachment processes for scanner devices. The flaw manifests when the system processes a crafted file that triggers unexpected behavior in the configuration parsing mechanism, potentially leading to code execution with elevated privileges.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the manipulation of configuration files that SANE uses to determine how to interact with attached scanning devices. When the sanei_configure_attach() function processes a maliciously crafted input file, it fails to properly validate or sanitize the data, creating an opportunity for attackers to inject and execute arbitrary code. This represents a classic buffer overflow or injection vulnerability pattern where untrusted input is directly processed without adequate security controls. The vulnerability falls under CWE-121, which describes stack-based buffer overflow conditions, though the exact mechanism may involve heap-based memory corruption depending on the specific implementation details. The function's failure to validate input parameters and configuration file contents creates an execution path where attacker-controlled data can influence program flow and ultimately lead to arbitrary code execution.
From an operational perspective, the impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution as it affects the fundamental security posture of systems that rely on SANE for scanner management. Local attackers who can write to the system or manipulate configuration files can potentially escalate privileges to gain full control over the affected system. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in enterprise environments where multiple users might have access to systems running SANE, or in scenarios where the software is used in shared computing environments. The attack vector requires local system access and the ability to manipulate configuration files, making it less likely to be exploited remotely but still dangerous in environments where privilege separation is not properly enforced. This vulnerability directly impacts the principle of least privilege and can undermine the security of systems that depend on SANE for image acquisition services.
The disputed nature of this vulnerability stems from the argument that SANE should not be expected to process attacker-controlled configuration files in normal operation, as these files are typically generated by system administrators or legitimate installation processes. However, the security community recognizes that even expected usage patterns can be exploited if proper input validation is not implemented. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of defense-in-depth principles and proper input sanitization regardless of expected usage patterns. Security controls should be implemented to prevent any form of untrusted input from causing unexpected behavior in system functions. Organizations should consider implementing access controls that limit who can modify SANE configuration files and ensure that system updates are applied promptly to address known vulnerabilities. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this type of vulnerability under T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter and T1068 for exploit for privilege escalation, highlighting the multi-faceted nature of the threat. Mitigation strategies should include regular system updates, proper file permissions, and monitoring for unauthorized configuration file modifications to prevent exploitation of this and similar vulnerabilities in the SANE ecosystem.