CVE-2023-46595 in FireFlow
Summary
by MITRE • 11/02/2023
Net-NTLM leak via HTML injection in FireFlow VisualFlow workflow editor allows an attacker to obtain victim’s domain credentials and Net-NTLM hash which can lead to relay domain attacks. Fixed in A32.20 (b570 or above), A32.50 (b390 or above)
Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/12/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-46595 represents a critical security flaw within the FireFlow VisualFlow workflow editor that enables attackers to exploit HTML injection techniques to extract domain credentials and Net-NTLM hashes from unsuspecting users. This vulnerability specifically affects versions of the FireFlow platform prior to A32.20 build 570 and A32.50 build 390, where the issue was subsequently addressed through targeted patches and updates. The flaw resides in how the workflow editor processes user input and renders HTML content, creating an injection vector that can be leveraged for credential theft and subsequent attack escalation.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding within the VisualFlow editor component. When users interact with workflow elements that accept HTML content or dynamic input, the system fails to properly sanitize or escape special characters that could be interpreted as HTML or script commands. This weakness allows attackers to inject malicious HTML content that can capture user sessions and extract authentication tokens. The vulnerability operates under CWE-79 which categorizes improper neutralization of input during web page generation, specifically targeting cross-site scripting attacks that can be extended to credential harvesting.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends far beyond simple credential theft, as the extracted Net-NTLM hashes can be immediately leveraged in relay attacks against domain controllers and other network services. Attackers can utilize these credentials to establish unauthorized access to domain resources, escalate privileges within the network, and potentially compromise entire domain infrastructures. The attack vector typically involves social engineering campaigns where victims are tricked into interacting with malicious workflow elements that trigger the HTML injection. This creates a significant risk for enterprise environments where FireFlow is deployed, particularly in scenarios involving privileged users or those with elevated domain access rights.
The remediation strategy for this vulnerability requires immediate deployment of the patched versions A32.20 build 570 or higher, and A32.50 build 390 or higher as specified in the advisory. Organizations should conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify all systems running affected versions of FireFlow and prioritize patching operations. Network monitoring should be enhanced to detect potential exploitation attempts through anomalous traffic patterns that may indicate credential harvesting activities. Additionally, implementing proper input validation controls, output encoding mechanisms, and regular security testing of web applications will help prevent similar vulnerabilities from emerging in the future. The mitigation approach aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566 which covers social engineering tactics, and T1078 which addresses valid accounts and legitimate credentials usage, emphasizing the need for comprehensive defensive measures including user education and network segmentation to limit potential attack impact.