CVE-2023-47445 in Pre-School Enrollment
Summary
by MITRE • 11/15/2023
Pre-School Enrollment version 1.0 is vulnerable to SQL Injection via the username parameter in preschool/admin/ page.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/23/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-47445 affects Pre-School Enrollment version 1.0 and represents a critical SQL injection flaw that compromises the application's database security. This vulnerability specifically manifests through the username parameter within the preschool/admin/ page, creating a direct pathway for malicious actors to manipulate the underlying database queries. The flaw stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization mechanisms that fail to properly escape or filter user-supplied data before incorporating it into database execution contexts. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-89 which classifies SQL injection as a condition where user input is directly embedded into SQL commands without adequate protection measures. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that the vulnerable parameter resides within an administrative interface, suggesting potential access to sensitive user data, enrollment records, and possibly system configuration information.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when an attacker submits malicious SQL payload through the username parameter field. The application processes this input without proper sanitization, allowing the injected SQL commands to execute within the database context. This can result in unauthorized data retrieval, modification, or deletion operations, potentially leading to complete database compromise. The vulnerability demonstrates a classic lack of parameterized queries or prepared statements, which are fundamental defensive mechanisms against SQL injection attacks. According to ATT&CK framework, this represents a technique categorized under T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application, where attackers target web application interfaces to gain unauthorized access to backend systems. The impact is amplified by the administrative nature of the affected page, which typically requires elevated privileges and contains sensitive operational data.
The operational consequences of this vulnerability extend beyond simple data exposure to encompass potential system compromise and regulatory compliance violations. An attacker could extract confidential enrollment information, student records, parental details, and potentially administrative credentials that would enable further lateral movement within the network. The vulnerability creates a persistent threat vector that remains active until proper patching or mitigation is implemented, as it represents a fundamental flaw in the application's input handling logic. Organizations utilizing this pre-school enrollment system face significant risks including data breaches, privacy violations, and potential legal ramifications under data protection regulations such as GDPR or CCPA. The vulnerability also undermines trust in the educational institution's ability to protect sensitive information, potentially affecting stakeholder confidence and operational continuity. Immediate remediation efforts should focus on implementing proper input validation, parameterized queries, and comprehensive output encoding to prevent SQL injection exploitation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2023-47445 must address both immediate remediation and long-term security architecture improvements. The primary solution involves implementing proper parameterized queries or prepared statements throughout the application codebase, ensuring that all user inputs are properly escaped or parameterized before database interaction. Input validation should be strengthened to reject or sanitize potentially malicious characters and patterns commonly associated with SQL injection attacks. Additionally, the application should implement proper error handling that does not expose database structure information to end users, as this can aid attackers in crafting more sophisticated payloads. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual database query patterns or unauthorized access attempts. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls and database activity monitoring tools to provide additional layers of protection. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and regular security assessments, particularly for applications handling sensitive personal data in educational environments. Regular security training for developers and implementation of automated security testing during the development lifecycle can prevent similar vulnerabilities from emerging in future releases.