CVE-2023-48131 in mini-app on Line
Summary
by MITRE • 01/26/2024
An issue in CHIGASAKI BAKERY mini-app on Line v13.6.1 allows attackers to send crafted malicious notifications via leakage of the channel access token.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/18/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-48131 represents a critical security flaw within the CHIGASAKI BAKERY mini-app operating on the Line platform version 13.6.1. This issue stems from improper handling of channel access tokens, creating an avenue for malicious actors to exploit the application's notification system. The vulnerability manifests when the application fails to adequately validate or secure the channel access token, which serves as the primary authentication mechanism for sending notifications through the Line messaging platform. This weakness allows attackers to leverage the leaked token to send unauthorized notifications to users within the mini-app's ecosystem.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-287, which addresses improper authentication mechanisms, and CWE-352, covering cross-site request forgery vulnerabilities. Attackers can exploit this flaw by intercepting or extracting the channel access token through various means including man-in-the-middle attacks, insecure data transmission, or by exploiting other vulnerabilities within the application's architecture. Once obtained, the malicious actor can utilize this token to send crafted notifications that may contain phishing links, malware distribution mechanisms, or social engineering content designed to compromise user devices or extract sensitive information. The vulnerability essentially transforms the legitimate notification system into a vector for malicious communication.
The operational impact of CVE-2023-48131 extends beyond simple notification abuse, creating a significant risk for user data integrity and application security. Users of the CHIGASAKI BAKERY mini-app become vulnerable to various attack vectors including credential theft, device compromise, and reputation damage for the application owner. The malicious notifications could be designed to appear legitimate, making them particularly dangerous as they bypass normal user suspicion mechanisms. Additionally, the vulnerability may enable attackers to conduct large-scale campaigns targeting multiple users simultaneously, amplifying the potential damage. This issue also represents a violation of the principle of least privilege, as the access token provides broader permissions than necessary for normal application functionality.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on implementing proper token management practices and strengthening the authentication framework within the mini-app. The primary recommendation involves implementing robust token rotation mechanisms and ensuring that access tokens are properly secured during transmission and storage. Organizations should adopt the principle of least privilege by limiting the scope of permissions granted to channel access tokens and implementing proper input validation for all notification parameters. The solution should include implementing secure communication protocols such as TLS 1.3 for all data transmission, implementing proper token expiration mechanisms, and establishing monitoring systems to detect unusual notification patterns. Additionally, the application should implement proper session management and authentication controls to prevent unauthorized access to the notification sending endpoints. These measures align with ATT&CK technique T1566, which addresses social engineering tactics including phishing, by preventing the exploitation of notification systems for malicious purposes. The fix should also incorporate proper error handling and logging mechanisms to detect and respond to potential exploitation attempts while maintaining compliance with security standards such as those outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity frameworks.