CVE-2023-51410 in WP Mail Log Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 12/29/2023
Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in WPVibes WP Mail Log.This issue affects WP Mail Log: from n/a through 1.1.2.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/21/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-51410 represents a critical unrestricted file upload flaw within the WPVibes WP Mail Log plugin for WordPress systems. This security weakness allows authenticated attackers with sufficient privileges to upload files with potentially malicious extensions to the target system. The vulnerability specifically impacts versions of the WP Mail Log plugin ranging from the initial release through version 1.1.2, creating a window of exposure for countless WordPress installations that have not been updated to address this flaw. The issue stems from inadequate validation of file types during the upload process, enabling attackers to bypass security controls that should prevent the upload of dangerous file formats.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability falls under the category of CWE-434, which describes unrestricted upload of file with dangerous type. This weakness occurs when applications allow users to upload files without proper validation of the file content or extension, particularly failing to restrict uploads of executable or script files. In the context of WordPress plugins, this typically involves bypassing checks that should prevent uploading php, asp, js, or other potentially harmful file types. The vulnerability enables attackers to upload malicious files that can be executed on the web server, potentially leading to complete system compromise. The flaw operates by not properly sanitizing or validating the file extensions and content before storing uploaded files on the server filesystem, creating a pathway for arbitrary code execution.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft or service disruption, as it provides attackers with a potential foothold for persistent compromise of WordPress installations. When exploited, the vulnerability allows attackers to upload web shells or other malicious payloads that can be executed within the context of the web server, enabling them to perform actions such as data exfiltration, privilege escalation, or further lateral movement within the network. The threat landscape for this vulnerability is particularly concerning given that WordPress remains one of the most widely deployed content management systems, with many installations running outdated plugins that have not been updated to address this specific flaw. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to establish persistent backdoors, gain unauthorized access to sensitive data, or use the compromised system as a launching point for attacks against other network resources.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2023-51410 should focus on immediate plugin updates to versions that address the unrestricted file upload vulnerability, while also implementing additional defensive measures. Organizations should ensure that all WordPress installations maintain current plugin versions and regularly monitor for security updates from both WordPress core and individual plugin developers. The implementation of proper file validation mechanisms, including MIME type checking and extension whitelisting, should be enforced at both application and server levels. Network-based security controls such as web application firewalls can provide additional protection by monitoring for suspicious file upload patterns and blocking attempts to upload potentially malicious file types. According to ATT&CK framework category T1190, this vulnerability aligns with the technique of Exploit Public-Facing Application, where attackers target weaknesses in web applications to gain unauthorized access. Additionally, the principle of least privilege should be enforced, limiting the permissions of web server processes to prevent privilege escalation if exploitation occurs. Regular security audits and vulnerability assessments should be conducted to identify and remediate similar issues across the entire WordPress ecosystem, ensuring that the security posture remains robust against evolving threats.