CVE-2023-6095 in HRX-1620
Summary
by MITRE • 04/26/2024
Vladimir Kononovich, a Security Researcher has found a flaw that allows for a remote code execution on the DVR. An attacker could inject malicious HTTP headers into request packets to execute arbitrary code. The manufacturer has released patch firmware for the flaw, please refer to the manufacturer's report for details and workarounds.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/30/2024
This vulnerability represents a critical remote code execution flaw in digital video recorder systems that exposes organizations to significant cybersecurity risks. The vulnerability stems from improper input validation within the HTTP header processing mechanism of the DVR software, allowing attackers to inject malicious headers that bypass normal security controls. The flaw exists in the way the device handles incoming HTTP requests, specifically when parsing and processing header fields that should be strictly validated and sanitized. This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous in surveillance environments where DVR systems are often deployed in unsecured network zones or directly connected to the internet without proper network segmentation.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability follows a well-established pattern of HTTP header injection attacks that align with common attack vectors documented in the attack mitigation framework. An attacker can craft specially malformed HTTP requests containing malicious headers that, when processed by the vulnerable DVR system, trigger unintended code execution within the device's operating environment. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-74 as a "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component" and specifically relates to CWE-117 as "Improper Output Neutralization for Logs" when considering the potential for command injection through HTTP headers. The attack surface is particularly concerning as it allows for complete system compromise without requiring authentication, making it a prime target for automated exploitation campaigns.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple system compromise, as DVR systems typically store sensitive video surveillance data that may contain personally identifiable information, corporate secrets, or evidence of criminal activity. Organizations deploying affected DVR systems face potential data breaches, system downtime, and compliance violations under regulations such as gdpr, hipaa, and other data protection frameworks. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the internet, meaning that attackers do not need physical access or network credentials to exploit the flaw. This characteristic places the vulnerability in the attack category of remote exploitation techniques described in the mitre attack framework under technique t1210 as "exploitation of remote services" and t1071 as "application layer protocols". The affected systems may also be used as launch points for further attacks within the network, potentially enabling lateral movement and privilege escalation attacks.
Organizations should immediately implement the firmware patches provided by the manufacturer to address this vulnerability, as the patch typically includes input validation improvements and header sanitization mechanisms. Network segmentation should be implemented to isolate DVR systems from general network traffic, and access controls should be enforced through firewalls and network access control lists. Regular security assessments should include vulnerability scanning of networked devices to identify potentially unpatched systems. Additional mitigations include implementing intrusion detection systems to monitor for suspicious HTTP header patterns, enabling logging and monitoring of all HTTP traffic to DVR systems, and conducting regular security awareness training for personnel who maintain these systems. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and input validation in embedded systems, particularly those handling network communications and processing user-supplied data.