CVE-2023-6266 in Backup Migration Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 01/11/2024
The Backup Migration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to insufficient path and file validation on the BMI_BACKUP case of the handle_downloading function in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to download back-up files which can contain sensitive information such as user passwords, PII, database credentials, and much more.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/11/2026
The Backup Migration plugin for WordPress presents a critical security vulnerability that undermines the integrity of backup file access controls through inadequate input validation mechanisms. This vulnerability exists within the BMI_BACKUP case of the handle_downloading function, where the plugin fails to properly validate file paths and directory traversal attempts. The flaw affects all versions up to and including 1.3.6, creating a persistent risk for WordPress installations that rely on this plugin for backup operations. The vulnerability stems from insufficient sanitization of user-supplied input that determines which backup files can be accessed, allowing attackers to manipulate the download process through crafted requests that bypass intended access controls.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability enables unauthenticated attackers to enumerate and download backup files without proper authentication or authorization. The lack of proper path validation creates opportunities for directory traversal attacks where malicious actors can navigate beyond the intended backup directories and access sensitive files that should remain protected. Backup files typically contain comprehensive information including database credentials, user account details, personal identifiable information, and other system configuration data that could be leveraged for further attacks. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and can be exploited through simple HTTP requests that manipulate the backup file selection mechanism, making it particularly dangerous as it requires no specialized tools or deep technical knowledge to exploit.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data exposure to encompass potential system compromise and regulatory compliance violations. Organizations using the affected plugin face significant risks including unauthorized access to user credentials, database connection strings, and other sensitive operational data that could facilitate lateral movement within networks or lead to complete system compromise. The vulnerability directly violates security principles outlined in the CWE-22 category for Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory, which specifically addresses insecure path traversal attacks. Additionally, the flaw aligns with ATT&CK technique T1213.002 for Data from Backup Storage, as it enables adversaries to access data that should be protected in backup systems. The exposure of backup files containing database credentials particularly increases risk of data breaches and unauthorized database access, potentially leading to widespread information disclosure and system compromise.
Organizations should immediately implement mitigations including updating to the latest version of the Backup Migration plugin where available, implementing network-level restrictions on backup file access, and conducting thorough security assessments of backup systems. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation and access control mechanisms in web applications, particularly those handling sensitive data. Security teams should also consider implementing automated monitoring for unauthorized backup file access attempts and establish incident response procedures for potential data exposure events. Given the nature of the vulnerability and its potential for widespread impact, organizations should prioritize immediate remediation and consider additional security controls such as web application firewalls and file access logging to prevent exploitation. The incident highlights the necessity of comprehensive security testing for WordPress plugins and the importance of maintaining up-to-date software to protect against known vulnerabilities.