CVE-2024-0141 in Hopper HGX 8-GPU
Summary
by MITRE • 03/05/2025
NVIDIA Hopper HGX for 8-GPU contains a vulnerability in the GPU vBIOS that may allow a malicious actor with tenant level GPU access to write to an unsupported registry causing a bad state. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to denial of service.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/05/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-0141 affects NVIDIA Hopper HGX systems configured with 8-GPU setups and stems from a flaw within the GPU vBIOS firmware component. This represents a significant security concern for cloud computing environments and data centers that rely on NVIDIA's high-performance GPU infrastructure. The vulnerability specifically targets the virtual BIOS implementation that manages GPU configuration and operational parameters, creating a potential attack vector for malicious actors who have gained tenant-level access to GPU resources.
The technical flaw manifests when a malicious actor with limited GPU access attempts to write to an unsupported registry within the GPU's memory space. This registry access bypasses normal validation mechanisms that should prevent unauthorized modifications to critical GPU configuration parameters. The vulnerability operates at the firmware level, making it particularly dangerous as it can persist across system reboots and is not easily detectable through conventional operating system security measures. The vBIOS registry structure contains essential GPU operational settings that, when corrupted, can cause the GPU to enter an unstable or non-functional state.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple service disruption to potentially compromise entire GPU clusters within multi-tenant environments. A successful exploitation can result in denial of service conditions that affect not only individual GPU instances but also the broader computational resources available to other tenants sharing the same physical hardware. This risk is particularly concerning in cloud service provider environments where multiple customers may be allocated GPU resources on the same physical system, creating potential for cross-tenant interference and resource exhaustion. The vulnerability could enable attackers to systematically degrade service quality or cause complete system failures that require manual intervention and hardware reset procedures.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2024-0141 should focus on implementing comprehensive access control measures and firmware update protocols. Organizations should ensure that all NVIDIA Hopper HGX systems receive the latest firmware updates from NVIDIA that address this specific registry access vulnerability. Network segmentation and tenant isolation measures should be reinforced to prevent unauthorized access to GPU resources, while monitoring systems should be deployed to detect anomalous registry access patterns. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) categories, representing a clear violation of proper access control mechanisms and memory safety principles. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1059 (Command and Scripting Interpreter) and T1499 (Endpoint Denial of Service) techniques, as attackers could leverage it to gain persistent access and disrupt system availability. Organizations should also implement regular security assessments of their GPU infrastructure and maintain detailed inventory tracking of firmware versions across all deployed systems to prevent exploitation opportunities.