CVE-2024-13111 in Yunfan Learning Examination System
Summary
by MITRE • 01/02/2025
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Beijing Yunfan Internet Technology Yunfan Learning Examination System 1.9.2. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file src/main/java/com/yf/exam/modules/sys/user/controller/SysUserControl of the component JWT Token Handler. The manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/26/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-13111 represents a critical security flaw within the Beijing Yunfan Internet Technology Yunfan Learning Examination System version 1.9.2. This system, designed for educational assessment and examination management, contains a significant weakness in its JWT token handling mechanism that directly compromises user authentication processes. The affected component resides in the file src/main/java/com/yf/exam/modules/sys/user/controller/SysUserControl, which serves as the primary interface for user management and authentication within the application's security framework. This critical vulnerability stems from improper authentication mechanisms that allow malicious actors to bypass legitimate user verification processes, potentially gaining unauthorized access to examination systems and sensitive educational data.
The technical nature of this flaw involves a weakness in the JWT token handler component that fails to properly validate authentication tokens, creating an authentication bypass condition. This vulnerability operates at the core of the system's security architecture where user credentials and session management should be rigorously enforced. The implementation likely contains insufficient validation checks for token integrity, expiration dates, or signature verification processes that would normally prevent unauthorized access. Attackers can exploit this weakness through remote access methods, leveraging the exposed JWT token handler to manipulate authentication flows and potentially escalate privileges within the examination system environment.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized access, as it could enable attackers to manipulate examination results, access confidential student information, or disrupt educational assessment processes. The high attack complexity and difficulty of exploitation suggest that while the vulnerability exists, successful exploitation requires significant technical expertise and specific conditions to be met. However, the public disclosure of exploit information significantly reduces the barrier to exploitation and increases the likelihood of real-world attacks against systems running the affected software version. This vulnerability directly impacts the integrity and confidentiality of educational data, potentially compromising the academic assessment process and student privacy.
Organizations utilizing the Yunfan Learning Examination System should immediately implement comprehensive mitigation strategies including urgent software patching, enhanced monitoring of authentication logs, and network segmentation to limit potential attack vectors. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-287, which addresses improper authentication issues, and represents a significant risk under the ATT&CK framework's privilege escalation and credential access tactics. System administrators should conduct immediate security assessments to identify any exploitation attempts and implement additional authentication layers such as multi-factor authentication to reduce the impact of potential compromise. Regular security updates and vulnerability assessments should become standard practice to prevent similar issues in the future, particularly given the public availability of exploitation methods for this critical vulnerability.