CVE-2024-20928 in WebCenter Content
Summary
by MITRE • 01/17/2024
Vulnerability in the Oracle WebCenter Content product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Content Server). The supported version that is affected is 12.2.1.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebCenter Content. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle WebCenter Content, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle WebCenter Content accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle WebCenter Content accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/11/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-20928 represents a critical security flaw within Oracle WebCenter Content's Content Server component, specifically affecting version 12.2.1.4.0 within the Oracle Fusion Middleware suite. This vulnerability falls under the Common Weakness Enumeration category CWE-284 which addresses improper access control mechanisms, making it particularly dangerous for enterprise content management systems where data integrity and confidentiality are paramount. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers can leverage it without requiring specialized skills or significant resources, posing a substantial risk to organizations relying on this platform for document management and content delivery.
The technical nature of this vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to compromise Oracle WebCenter Content through HTTP network access, eliminating the need for prior authentication credentials. This characteristic places the system at significant risk as it can be exploited by anyone with network connectivity to the affected server. The CVSS 3.1 scoring of 6.1 reflects the moderate severity of the impact, with confidentiality and integrity being the primary affected areas. The vector analysis shows AV:N (network access), AC:L (low attack complexity), PR:N (no privileges required), UI:R (requires human interaction), and S:C (scope change), indicating that while the attack requires some user involvement, the overall exploitability remains relatively straightforward for threat actors.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond the immediate Oracle WebCenter Content environment, as successful exploitation can affect additional products within the broader Oracle Fusion Middleware ecosystem. This scope change aspect demonstrates how a single vulnerability can create cascading effects across interconnected systems, potentially compromising multiple applications that rely on the same middleware infrastructure. Attackers can achieve unauthorized update, insert, or delete operations on sensitive content data, while also gaining unauthorized read access to subsets of accessible information. These capabilities enable attackers to modify critical business documents, inject malicious content, or extract confidential data, potentially leading to significant financial losses, regulatory violations, and reputational damage.
Organizations must implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation to restrict access to the affected Content Server, deployment of web application firewalls to monitor and filter HTTP traffic, and enforcement of strict access controls for administrative interfaces. The vulnerability's requirement for human interaction suggests that security awareness training for end users becomes crucial, as attackers may need to诱导 users to perform specific actions to complete exploitation. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing intrusion detection systems to monitor for suspicious activities and establish robust patch management procedures to ensure timely deployment of Oracle's security updates. The threat landscape for this vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190 which covers exploiting public-facing applications, making it essential for security teams to prioritize this vulnerability in their threat response protocols and consider it as part of broader attack surface management initiatives.