CVE-2024-23113 in FortiOS
Summary
by MITRE • 02/15/2024
A use of externally-controlled format string in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, FortiProxy versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.8, 7.0.0 through 7.0.14, FortiPAM versions 1.2.0, 1.1.0 through 1.1.2, 1.0.0 through 1.0.3, FortiSwitchManager versions 7.2.0 through 7.2.3, 7.0.0 through 7.0.3 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/10/2024
This vulnerability represents a critical format string attack surface within Fortinet's security infrastructure products, specifically targeting versions of FortiOS, FortiProxy, FortiPAM, and FortiSwitchManager. The flaw exists in how these systems process externally controlled input through format string parameters, creating a pathway for remote code execution. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-134 which specifically addresses the use of externally-controlled format strings in software applications, making it a well-documented and dangerous class of vulnerability that has been exploited in numerous security incidents across the industry.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to craft specially formatted packets that exploit the improper handling of format specifiers in the affected software components. When these malformed packets are processed by the vulnerable systems, they can trigger arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the affected service. This occurs because the software does not properly sanitize or validate format string parameters before using them in printf-like functions, enabling attackers to inject malicious format specifiers that can manipulate memory and execute arbitrary commands. The impact is particularly severe given that these are security appliances that typically operate in privileged network environments where such exploitation could lead to complete system compromise.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution to encompass full system compromise and potential lateral movement within network infrastructures. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to sensitive network resources, potentially leading to data exfiltration, network disruption, or establishment of persistent backdoors. The vulnerability affects multiple Fortinet product lines, increasing the potential attack surface and making it particularly concerning for organizations that deploy these security solutions. The specific version ranges indicate that this is not a newly introduced flaw but rather a persistent issue that has affected multiple release streams, suggesting inadequate input validation across various product families.
Organizations must implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation to limit exposure, deployment of intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation attempts, and application of vendor patches as they become available. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter and T1566 for credential access, highlighting the multi-faceted nature of the threat. Additionally, implementing proper input validation controls, disabling unnecessary services, and maintaining up-to-date security monitoring procedures are essential defensive measures. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper format string handling in security-critical applications and serves as a reminder of the potential consequences when input sanitization fails in systems that process untrusted network data.