CVE-2024-23947 in libigl
Summary
by MITRE • 05/28/2024
Multiple improper array index validation vulnerabilities exist in the readMSH functionality of libigl v2.5.0. A specially crafted .msh file can lead to an out-of-bounds write. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability concerns the `igl::MshLoader::parse_nodes` function while handling a `binary` `.msh` file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/27/2025
The vulnerability CVE-2024-23947 represents a critical security flaw in the libigl library version 2.5.0, specifically within the readMSH functionality that processes mesh files. This issue manifests as multiple improper array index validation problems that can result in out-of-bounds write conditions when parsing maliciously crafted .msh files. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it affects the igl::MshLoader::parse_nodes function during binary .msh file handling, making it a target for attackers who can exploit this weakness through file-based attacks. The root cause lies in insufficient input validation mechanisms that fail to properly verify array indices before accessing memory locations, creating opportunities for arbitrary memory corruption.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate boundary checking within the mesh file parsing logic. When the parse_nodes function processes binary .msh files, it fails to validate array indices against the actual size of allocated memory structures, allowing attackers to manipulate file headers or data sequences to cause memory access violations. This flaw directly maps to CWE-129, which addresses insufficient validation of array index values, and CWE-787, which covers out-of-bounds write conditions. The vulnerability operates at the intersection of memory safety and file format parsing, where malformed input data can bypass normal validation procedures and trigger memory corruption in the application's processing pipeline. Attackers can craft malicious .msh files with manipulated index values that, when processed by the vulnerable library, result in writes to memory locations outside the intended array boundaries.
The operational impact of CVE-2024-23947 extends beyond simple memory corruption, potentially enabling more severe exploitation vectors including arbitrary code execution and denial of service conditions. Applications that utilize libigl for mesh file processing, particularly those in computational geometry, finite element analysis, and computer graphics domains, become vulnerable to attacks that could compromise system integrity. The vulnerability's exploitation requires minimal privileges since it operates through file manipulation rather than network-based attacks, making it particularly dangerous in environments where users can upload or process mesh files from untrusted sources. This weakness can be leveraged in supply chain attacks where malicious .msh files are embedded within legitimate software packages, or in web applications that accept mesh file uploads for processing. The out-of-bounds write condition creates potential for heap corruption, which can lead to unpredictable application behavior, system crashes, or even remote code execution depending on the memory layout and application context.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2024-23947 should prioritize immediate library updates to versions that address the array validation issues in the parse_nodes function. Organizations should implement strict file validation procedures that include size checking, format verification, and content sanitization before processing any mesh files through libigl components. Input sanitization measures should enforce bounds checking on all array accesses and implement proper error handling for malformed file structures. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1059.007 for execution through scripting and T1203 for exploitation of software vulnerabilities, highlighting the need for defensive measures that include network segmentation, file access controls, and monitoring for suspicious file processing activities. Additionally, developers should implement robust memory safety practices including the use of safe array access patterns, bounds checking libraries, and static analysis tools that can detect similar vulnerabilities in other parts of the codebase. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify potential similar flaws in mesh processing and other file format handling components within the application ecosystem.